Your Guide To Safely Buying, Selling and Trading Crypto Currency
Free Introduction & Guide. From Basics, Key Facts, Knowledge On Trading Plus Much More
BASICS
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RESEARCH
TRADING
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INFORMATION
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BASICS
The term "currency trading" can represent different things. In terms of Digital
currency, trading involves the buying and selling of coins on an exchange.
We can also trade these coins with other account holders such as our family and
friends via the secure wallets provided by each Crypto currency.
These articles, on the other hand will discuss currency trading as buying and selling
currency using online exchange with the intention to profit and gain capital.
These articles are provided for general information only and to help you gain
a better perspective by sharing what we have learned.
A digital coin exchange rate is the rate at which one coin can be exchanged for
another. It is always quoted in pairs like the ADA/BTC.
Similar to the currency we use everyday, the Euro and the US Dollar rates
fluctuate based on economic factors like inflation, industrial production and geopolitical
events. These factors will influence whether you buy or sell a currency pair.
When trading with digital currency, Bitcoin and Ethereum are used to trade depending
on the exchange used with many more to follow such as NEO, COSS to name a few.
The ADA/BTC (Ada / Bitcoin ) rate represents the current price of a single Ada coin and the
Amount of Bitcoin required to purchase. Depending on the exchange used we either trade
using Bitcoin or Ethereum which are purchased prior and deposited into the exchange of
our choice.
We have recommended a few reliable and secure exchanges on our website
to get you started and will update you with more in the near future as we build Cryptonix
A great website used by most of the community is www.coinmarketcap.com. They
provide valuable information about the Crypto currency market, giving us statistics on over
1000+ Crypto currencies including details on their current price, circulation, market cap as
well as other key information to help place yourself in a better position before investing.
If you believe a particular coin will increase in value, a purchase can be made with either Bitcoin
or Ethereum. Each exchange has a minimum buy amount ranging from £2-15.
If the value for a coin rises, you can simply decide to sell your coins making a profit or keep
them for long term.
If not trading and deciding to invest for the long term, withdraw coins to a wallet for security
and store keys etc safely. More explained on wallets in terms of storage in other topics.
Please keep in mind that Digital currency trading involves a high risk, so please take your
time and to learn markets, services etc
Examples of crypto currency trading :
What is currency / coin trading?
How trading works
PLANNING
Finally, it cannot be stressed enough that trading in an exchange carries
a high level of risk, and may not be suitable for everyone. Before deciding to trade
you should carefully consider your investment objectives, level of experience, and risk
appetite. Remember, you could sustain a loss of some or all of your initial
investment, which means that you should not invest money that you cannot afford
to lose. If you have any doubts, we recommend that you seek advice from an
independent financial advisor.
Starting with smaller amounts is wise which allows you to build experience and
develop a better understanding, gaining a better perspective. With time you
begin to develop an eye and will spot patterns more easily. With Digital Currency
we have to remember most of the information we are researching to determine the
investment is found online due to the lack of coverage from the main stream
media and in return can be time consuming.
Lately, currencies have been on a roller coaster ride with record breaking highs and
lows. The world of Digital Currencies is dominating news headlines; but what does it
mean, and more importantly, what do you need to know before you get on board?
First of all, it's important that you understand that trading the Crypto Exchange
market involves a high degree of risk, similar to forex. Including the risk of losing
money. Any investment whether it be forex or Digital should only
involve capital you can afford to lose.
You may have noticed that the value of coins goes up and down every day.
What most people don't realize is that there are exchange markets where you can
potentially profit from the movement of these currencies. Some people decide to buy
and hold a coin for long term if the have a higher price in mind whilst others make a
living from the small price swings which classes them as day or short term traders.
One of the great things about trading currencies now is that you no longer have to
be a big money manager to trade this market; traders and investors like you and
i can trade safely.
Key points to know before you trade or buy
Important: Beware of the risks involved
What is a an Exchange?
Short term & Long term investments
Investing short term so you aim to profit within a few months to a year as the value
rises. Potentially using the profits to invest back in with higher capital. Advantages of
short terms will require more time to be committed watching markets etc and selling
when prices are high followed by buying back again when prices lower
Long term involves more initial research, instead were buying with the intention to
hold for a few years before selling as we like to benefit from the maximum potential an
investment has to offer. Bear in mind the time you spend researching will help you
decide if an investment is for the long or short term. You are in control so it’s wise to sell
when prices are high regardless of long or short term.
Investment portfolio preparation
Remember investing is not to be rushed allowing our emotions to dictate our
actions. Keeping a clear mind is essential. An ounce of prevention is worth more
then a pound of cure, so take your time writing out a plan for how much you
can afford, how it will be divided etc. Spread your investment over different coins
and over time to benefit from small price dips here and there
In currency trading, traders often use technical language that can be intimidating
when you're just starting out. Market caps, Supply etc. As you familiarize
yourself with the language, you'll find that your understanding as whole will improve.
Bear in mind when analyzing graphs and trends we refer back to experience
gained through forex trading. We can break it down into two basic steps for now
To develop a strategy, investors use a variety of tools and techniques. Some perform
technical Analysis by using Charts to study the market. This technique assumes that
past market movements will help predict future activity. The effectiveness of
Technical Analysis makes it a very popular trading technique.
Or we can use Fundamental Analysis for a trading strategy, following the
effects of economic, social and political events on prices. Reading
specialized News can help keep you in touch with the community to find
out how events might affect currency prices.
Combining both techniques along with various others allows you to cover the
market from most angles improving chances of a profit.
RESEARCH
There are risks involved with Crypto currency as the technology is still in its
Early days. Keep in mind the Forex exchange for trading currencies and commodities
we use every day has a market cap of over 2 Trillion dollars. With Bitcoins only at
around 500 Billion their is still allot of room for growth.
As mentioned different countries will adopt the technology for a variety of uses and
at different rates due to the simple fact each country is experiencing different levels
of growth. So as some countries set to temporarily ban Crypto Currency we can expect
the price to be effected. However by putting in the time and effort to research opposed
to taking some ones words for it and finding out for yourself we can be make more
accurate decisions and at the same time be assured that such events are not for
certain and only for short periods
.
Every trader makes mistakes, so it's a good idea to familiarize yourself with a
trading environment before you invest your money. To improve your trading
skills, try trading with only small amount and rest assured as time progresses
so will your knowledge.
Know the Language
Technical & Fundamental Analysis
Know the Risks
Practice makes perfect!
Research your investment
Justify your investment by carrying out research into the community via social media pages, forums and perhaps joining to share you own thoughts and ask
a few of questions of your own after all it is your money invested into the project giving you the right to inquire. Analyze the market your investing in to see if
their is room to grow, any similar products and how competitors are performing if any. Will your investment actually solve an issue in a realistic manner.
Many projects are slightly too ambitious making your risks higher however rewards equally higher too.
Some links below which you will find usefull and worth sharing:
www.bitcointalk.org / www.reddit.com / www.youtube.com / www.coinmarketcap.com / www.steem.com
Similar to trading any other commodity using forex exchanges
brokers etc. crypto currency trading refers to the purchasing
and selling of various currencies available. Many people are
day traders and take advantage of the daily price swings
essentially earning a living from day trading instead of
investing for a long term gain. Their are many avenues to
generating an income by simply trading.
Create an account at one of the reliable and safe crypto
currency brokers, listed on our website.
We can also purchase goods using crypto currency. Big stores
in the U.S like Target, Walmart, Nike accept this electronic
money. Additionally, plenty of online stores take Bitcoins for
their products and services as well as the businesses listed
below and the number is only growing as this is typed. If you
have any questions please feel free to get in touch via our
facebook page
A good question asked, Is whether it’s legal to buy and make
use of crypto currencies? When it comes to the legality every
government has their own regulations to Bitcoin. Different
countries deal with it differently. For instance, in the early
months of 2017, Japan made Bitcoin a legal payment
method and was the first country to legalize its use.
Keep in mind countries are all at different stages of their
economic and overall development which simply means
whilst it may not suit a particular Nation now the future is
still open as as once right infrastructure is in place such as
in developing nations it will allow the technology to be used
more easily
This move can influence other nations. Additionally,
Russian officials are taking measures to adopt Bitcoin as a
legal payment method. Crypto currency is not regulated by
a central bank, the price is based on its supply and demand,
similar to the price of gold or any other currency
Bitcoin is the world's first truly decentralized digital currency
It was implemented in early 2009 and has since become
a wide spread crypto currency with an almost 500 billion
dollar market cap and constantly growing.
Bitcoin is a digital or virtual currency which has many uses
making it very attractive to both investors and users. From
paying for goods as well as services.
It works on a technology called Block chain. More about
Block chain technology to be added soon. There are a wide
range of crypto currencies in the market, such as Bitcoin
Ethereum, Dash, Litecoin, etc.
Bitcoin is a digital currency which can be used everyday and
is available to use online. Block chain at the same time opens
many doors for other services to incorporate block chain into
their business. From decentralizing storage, improving user
experience and much more
What is Bitcoin ?
Is it Legal ?
How do we trade ?
BITCOIN
Tron is very interesting and complex block chain based decentralized protocol which aims to construct a world wide free content
entertainment center. This will give creators full control over their content. A decentralized version of the online media we use today. Tron
has 3 tokens called Tronix(TRX) which can be traded with and is required to access their system to buy and sell content. Tron Power where
holders of Tron commit to having theirs coins held in exchange for Tron Power. This also gives holders voting rights as well as other privileges
towards the Tron ecosystem. The Tron 20 token is interesting since it allows content creators to issue their own tokens. This will solve high
fees creators currently play for images, video etc content online, censorship and more.
Released - September 2017
Trading Name - TRX
Author - Justin Sun
Tron
Cardano is a platform used for running the Ada Crytocurrency and smart contracts. Led by co founder of Bitshares, Ethereum and Ethereum
classic. Run on a proof of stake algorithm which makes it very cost efficient compared to other block chain platforms. Ada Crypto currency
operates on its own blockchain called Cardano settlement layer CSL. CSL is the accounting and transaction layer. A second layer called
Cardano Computation Layer CCL will support smart contracts and decentralised apps. Offers fast transaction, speeds, reliablity and
quantum resistance computing. More advanced then other coins however in the development stages yet.
Released - September 2017
Trading Name - ADA
Author - IOHK Input Outut Hong Kong - Block chain development firm
Cardano
Tether is issued on the Bitcoin block chain through the omni layer protocol. Tether has one dollar backed for every tether coin in a reserve.
It is tied to the U.S Dollar and so remains at the same value as a Dollar. Used by many traders and investors to hold funds temporarily through
market fluctuations keeping their value, investing back into the market at lower rates. Tether has had allot of attention for the wrong reason
due to various claims. Similar coins to Tether are available.
Released - July 2014
Trading Name - USDT
Author - Brock Pierce - Santa Monica based startup company
Tether
Iota is a platform which doesn't use miners or blocks. Based of a mathematical concept, DAG Directed Acylic Graph, called a Tangle.
Due to growth of the internet of things (IOT) a micro payment system has been demanded by users. Bitcoin was set to take this place
however must solve it’s issues with fees plus how miners and users are required in order to function. The tangle eliminates all of this.
Tanlge has no transaction fees and the more it use used the faster it becomes making it great for scaling. User can store data on the
Tangle as well as transfer value without fees. Quantum resistant and in it's early stage of development. As the Internet of things
increase we can expect such projects to gain attention.
Released - 2015
Trading Name - USDT
Author - David Sontesbo, Dominik Schiener, Serguei Popov and Sergey Ivancheglo - Berlin based IOTA foundation
IOTA
Vechain is a comany using smart chips on a block chain platform focusing on supply management, fiancial services and smart contracts.
First coin to partner with the Chinese government. It has partnered with companies in logistics, agriculture, luxury good, foods / drugs
and more. Also working on creating their own block chain instead of using the Ethereum block chain. Vechain has a second token called
VeThor Token otherwise known as the Thor token. Thor token is used to pay for applications and transactions on the block chain, used
by companies etc. Their smart chip and block chain relationship allows complete tracking of goods. The smart chip records environment
details, geographic position and much more. A company with many established partners already.
Released - June 2015
Trading Name - VET
Author - Vechain team led by Sunny Lu - Started in Singapore
VeChain
EOS is a block chain platform which for decentralized applications DAPPS. The idea for EOS is to basically provide best of best of both worlds.
The security of Bitcoin and suport of Ethereum. Aims for a Decentralized operating system supporting industrial scale applications focusing
on removing transaction fees and introduce millions of transactions per second. They will also offer many other services such as user
authentication, cloud storage, and server hosting
Released - July 2017
Trading Name - EOS
Author - Developed by a private company - Block One
EOS
Zcash is a crypto currency aimed at providing more privacy compared to other coins using the cryptography protocol. Payments on the
block chain are publicly recorded however users have an optional privacy feature so users can conceal information on transactions such
as senders address, amount etc. A selective disclosure option is available which can be used for auditing reasons. It has a fixed supply
similar to Bitcoin of 21 million.
Released - October 2016
Trading Name - ZEC
Author - Zooko Wilcox-O'Hearn
Zcash
Lisk is open source crypto currency on a decentralized platform. Allows developers especially with java script experience to build, share and
manage applications on it’s network. It uses a side chain created for DAPPS developed and in return the network will not effect the main chain.
It’s plan is to solve scalability issues some coins are experiencing. Lisk uses a DPoS (Delegated-Proof-of-Stake) algorithm first used in the
development of the exchange platform Bitshares. Currently in development stage.
Released - May 2016
Trading Name - LSK
Author - Max Kordek & Oliver Beddows - Switzerland
LISK
Icon is building one of the largest decentralized networks in the world where anyone can connect to any block chain. These block chains can
interact with each other via smart contracts The plan is in the future where each community can connect to a block chain building a single
ecosystem where users share services from financial, security, insurance, health care, educational, commerce and much more. They will
essentially transact on a single network. An ambitious plan to unlock the full potential of block chain as well as providing real world use.
Released - September 2017
Trading Name - ICX
Author - Dayli Financial Group - Korean Fintech company from ICON Foundation - Switzerland
ICON
QTUM aim to to create a public block chain with an open source code, using technology from Bitcoin and Ehtereum. It aims to provide the
same use as Bitcoin however with also smart contracts and Decentralized applications DAPP. Think of Ethereum smart contracts on a
block chain system similar to Bitcoin. Due to using similar technology however slightly more advanced it also benefit from an upgrades to
Bitcoin and Ethereum such as the lightning network which will reduce fees, transactions per second increasing overall efficiency. QTUM is
an opponent of Ethereum.
Released - March 2017
Trading Name - QTUM
Author - Patrick Dai - Singapore
QTUM
Bitcoin is the first decentralized digital crypto currency with it’s own payment system. Bitcoins are sent from user to user on the peer-to-peer
network directly, without the need for 3rd party involvement. These transactions are verified by network nodes via cryptography and
recorded in a public distributed ledger called a blockchain. Bitcoin was invented by an unknown person or group of people using the
name Satoshi Nakamoto and was released as an open-source software
Released - January 2009
Trading Name - BTC
Author - Satoshi Nakamoto
Bitcoin
Ethereum is an open source decentralized platform which runs smart contract applications. The applications work exactly as
programmed with no downtime, censorship, fraud or any 3rd party interference. Works on the proof of work POW
algorithm. Similar coins are Waves, Neo, Cardano to list a few competitors. Fastest growing developer community. Alliances
with companies like Microsoft and Intel to name a few.
Released - July 2015
Trading Name - ETH
Author - Vitalik Buterin - Development funded by online crowd sale
Ethereum
Ripple is a real time gross settlement system RTGS, currrency exchange and remittance network the runs on Ripple. Also called the Ripple
Transaction Protocol RTXP or Ripple Protocol, XRP is being supplied to banks to assist with cross borders transactions. Near instant
transaction times, settlement infrastructure used by banks, They have significant corporate backing and a large team. Used by UBS,
UniCredit and Santander . Founders of ripple control more then 60% of XRP. Similar coins are Stellar Lumens.
Released - 2012
Trading Name - XRP
Authors - Arthur Britto, David Schwartz, Ryan Fugger
Ripple
Litecoin is a peer to peer internet currency that allows instant and almost zero fee transactions to anyone around the world. Currently has
faster transaction times then Bitcoin and can handle more transactions. it also has more coins in circulation. It is open source and not manage
by any authority. Litecoin is similar to Bitcoin. Increasing development, The founder of Coinbase left his role to join Litecoin.
Released - October 2011
Trading Name - LTC
Authors - Charlie Lee
Litecoin
NEM is the first Private and Public block chain combination and a popular Japanese block chain. Written in Jave. Unique Proof of importance
algorithm POI. Allowing users to send payments and messages securely world wide. Built in Reputation system. Recognized by some banks in
Japan. Scalable, number of transactions 3000+ and almost zero fees 0.01%. Similar coins are Stellar Lumens, Ripple and Dash.
Released - March 2015
Trading Name - XEM
Authors - Unknown, Started on Bitcoin talk forum by a member named Utopian Future.
NEM
Dash in an open source Peer to Peer Internet crypto currency that offers instant transactions and private transactions as wells as fungible
tokens. It is a fork of the Bitcoin software. Self funded and self governed structure. The name Dash is considered short for Digital cash. Low
transaction fees and almost instant.
Released - January 2014
Trading Name - DASH
Authors - Evan Duffield
Dash
Ethereum Classic is the original ethereum block chain. Creation of smart contracts and custom tokens. It is however much cheaper. Provided
untampered history since its an older. This was due to a hard fork after an incident of missing Ether tokens. To resolve the issue the tokens to
be returned to the rightful owners and security issue had to be addressed. A fork was created, more updated called Ethereum. Renaming the
previous version Ethereum Classic. This preserves the records etc and integrity.
Released - July 2015
Trading Name - ETC
Authors - Ethereum Community
Ethereum Classic
Stellar Lumens is a platform which connects bank payments systems with people. Instant payments as well as customizable payment
infrastructure. An open source protocol supported by the non profit stellar foundation. In 2014 founder of Mt Gox and co founder of
Ripple launched the network system Stellar. No mining available as majority of coins are held by developers.
Released - July 2014
Trading Name - XLM
Authors - Jed McCleb, Joyce Kim
Stellar Lumens
Neo is block chain platform an cryptocurrency designed to build a scalable network of decentralized applications. Based in China, KYC
compliant with ties to many major exchanges. Allows the creation of smart contacts and custom tokens. Considered to the Chinas version
of Ethereum. Similar to Ethereum. Can achieve up to 10000 transactions
Released -Feb 2014
Trading Name - NEO
Authors - Da Hongfei - through his development company Onchain
NEO
Monero is an open source currency which is focusing on privacy and, decentralization. It runs on Windows, MacOS, Android, Linus, iOS
and FreeBSD. Based of the Proof of work POW algorithm. Monero is fungible, meaning it is interchangeable and can be substituted for
another Monero. Different from other public ledger crypto currencies like Bitcoin where users can refuse to accept coins from other
users due to their activity,
Released - April 2014
Trading Name - XMR
Author - Nicolas van Saberhagen
Monero
What Are Crypto Currencies
The Internet was missing a digital payments system which was cost effective and efficient in keeping up with the increasing development of digital content. An algorithm was created using cryptography
to provide a way to govern digital assets. When we visit a website, digital certificates verify each site with encryptions which is similar to how crypto currencies work. Crypto currencies are digital assets
which provide many benefits. They can be used for transferring and verifying of assets, securing financial transaction plus control the creation of additional units. Digital currencies using cryptography
were created and tested since the 1980s and were centralized. Bitcoin was the first decentralized currency. The term Alt Coins can be used to describe the alternative crypto currencies.
With Bitcoin all transactions are available to the public however owners cannot be identified since only the public keys otherwise known as your addresses are visible.
We have alternative currencies in development which provide more anonymous transactions to take place such as Monero, Zcash and Dash to name a few.
Crypto currencies provide a decentralized control compared to the centralized infrastructure. Using a decentralized platform simply means there is no central control or authority as the operational
and other requirements are distributed over all of its participants giving no single person, group etc control as well as increasing over all security since no central location is present.
The data gathered whether it be from transactions, purchases are placed on a block chain which is a list of records called blocks linked using cryptography. Once on the block the data cannot be
modified as more blocks are placed in front. A block chain provides security as well as accessibility without the need for a trusted 3rd party or server since it’s all carried out automatically.
Each block typically contains a link to the previous block, Time stamp and transaction data. Miners play the role of validating transactions creating blocks, time stamping all of which are carried
out automatically using mining equipment. Miners compete to solve equations and are rewarded with the currency mined as an incentive to keep mining and provide processing power for the
network. Different mining equipment is available depending on the currency mined. Read our page on mining for more information
Different algorithms have been developed. These define how a currency works and also provide different uses for the technology. Knowing these helps decide when
investing
Crypto currencies are stored on digital wallets. Each wallet has a unique private and public key. The public key is used to receive where the private key is used to access
you wallet and should be kept secure. Visit our wallets page for more information.
How Crypto Currencies Work
ICOs-Initial coin offerings is a way of funding for crypto currencies which is carried out via crowd funding with private funding now also becoming popular due to the demand. These are considered
as early investors. Investors receive tokens in exchange. Some ICOs have minimum buy requirements and accept Bitcoin and Ethereum mostly. A popular way for companies to raise capital without
going through regulatory frame work such as banks, governments. At the same time it makes ICOs very risky and many are considered to be Fraudulent. Generally investors who buy during an ICO
stage receive a coin for much cheaper as a reward for being early investors and so when the coins become available on an exchange to be traded publicly early investors are likely to sell as soon as
tokens are made public for immediate profits buying more once prices lower or not at all. Understanding the market is important.
ICOs
INFORMATION
A Decentralized Network is where trades, transactions occur
directly between users (peer-to-peer) without the need for a 3rd
party to manage. The network is run by many nodes (people) spread
around where allowing anyone to join.Bitcoin is an example, a
decentralised system meaning not one single entity has full control,
no central point. Users are in control, transactions can occurs at any
time or day. Transactions verified using the PoW Algorith to maintain
integrity. Information is available publicly anywhere at anytime.
more secure. Read more on the topic crypto above.
Similar to how we have been keeping records, accounts throughout history, from paper used today, Papyrus to clay tablets a ledger takes this to the next level.
A Ledger is simply a record of accounts also know today as a database. Cryptocurrencies run on 3 main types of networks, centralised, decentralised and distributed ledgers.
worth mentioning how cryptocurrencies can experience a form of centralisation, especially during a projects early years of developement as less users are
on a network allowing few to gain majority holdings followed by more control, however the understanding is with time as demand increases, number of users etc
we see more adoption this will distribute stakes more evenely leaving less room for centralization as well as other concerns
Centralized systems are what we use today. A Network
where the administrative duties are carried out by a 3rd
party or central organisation. For example our medical,
financial, academic information are all stored on centralised
databases. Giving the organisation complete control. When
we make a payment online a 3rd party such as a bank must
verify transactions as well as manage data. Restricts who can
make changes and access. Decentralised systems aim to elminate
this through algorithms, reducing costs increasing security and more.
Read through my website, Visit the Wallet, Mining Pages To Understand How It All Fits Together
Distributed systems are where transactions, contracts or
information is stored in a decntralized way across different
locations and people without requiring a central authority.
Each Node, participant keeps a record and information is
is stored on permenant database. Decentrlized and distributed
ledgers are harder to hack or attack since all the copies have to
be attacked silmutanously to work, Less central control, overall
easier to access plus more. This system can help manage our legal
documents, licenses and more effeciently.
Used by Bitcoin, Ethereum, Monero, Litecoin, Zcash and
many other crypto currencies.
Proof of work is a function or protocol which requires
computational work to provide proof of work in order to
validate transactions and operations. Users provide proof
or validation by calculating many hashing operations to
receive with the requested services. The process only
takes a few seconds. Please read our mining page for
more information on how it all fits together.
Created in 1993 by Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor to
prevent network attacks from Spam and DoS (Denial of
Service) by requiring proof from the CPU. Developed
further in 1997 by Adam Back so users are now
required to solve Hashing equations for proof.
PoW - Proof Of Work
Used by NXT, Peercoin, Ethereum is on its way to
becoming PoS.
Proof of stake is where miners can validate blocks
depending on how many coins they hold which simply
means they receive more mining power. Proof of stake
is more secure since with proof of work it’s possible for
miner to gain 51% share of computational power and
perform an attack on the system, with proof of stake
someone would have to hold over 51% of total coins
which is unlikely to happen. Coins have to be locked
into a deposit to participate in the operational
requirements. Proof of stake also is cheaper in running
costs. Less electricity and Computer hardware. With
PoW users have to use their CPU / GPU power to mine
and solve hashing equations which consumes electricity
and resources. With PoS miners validate blocks
depending on amounts they own reducing running costs
significantly. Created 2012, By Sunny King & Scott Nadal.
PoS - Proof Of Stake
Used and Developed by NEO coin.
Delegated Byzantine fault tolerance - dBFT
dBFT is proposed as an alternative to PoS and PoW. A
block chain ecosystem is made of multiple users, node
or applications. Since there is no central authority
transactions need to be approved and verified accurately
and timely. The dBFT algorithm has two types of operators
or nodes in its block chain. Users who buy and trade are
known as ordinary nodes and consensus nodes or
bookkeepers who take part in block validation and voting
similar to miners in Bitcoin. To become a consensus node
you require a dedicated internet connection and certain
amount of GAS, Neo’s utility token which powers the network.
Bookkeeping nodes are selected through a delegated voting
process. During each verification process one of the node
operators is randomly selected to display its version of the
block chain. If 2/3 of the remaining nodes agree transactions
are approved.
dBFT
Different Types Of Crypto Currencies
These are tokens or coins which provide users with access to
services and products. Since the total coins supply is limited the
value is likely to appreciate over time if the project deliver as
promised and succeeds. Some companies might give the
impression they are utility coins however are really investments
and so will be considered as securities.
Security tokens or coins describe any asset that can be traded.
Coins backed by precious metal, real estate and so on. When
money involved is for investment purposes it is classed
a security.
Equity tokens are part of securities. What makes Equity
different is the token represents ownership of company
assets, debt or stock. Ethereum based smart contracts
are a good example which allow start up to easily issue
stocks or equity tokens via the smart contract
Utilities Tokens
Equity Tokens
Securities Tokens
CRYPTO
How Crypto Currencies Function & Operate
Different types of rules and problem solving operations are used which make the currencies available unique from one another. Also known as algorithms, briefly explained below. They define how a
currency or platform works. Algorithms are essentially automated and control networks with minimal human interaction. Each one has their advantages and disadvantages. Remember miners replace
bank clerks and any 3rd party service where accustomed to and are essential to networks running smoothly. These algorithms decide how miners function, their role and the overall operation of a system.
What Is Cryptocurrency & Blockchain
Cryptocurrencies introduce a new and much needed level of security to our way of lives, an inevitable path. The technology will benefit many industries inlcuding the financial, logistic, academic,
Information, Security plus much more. As you read through my site you will learn how this technology can and will be applied to current systems and infrastructure to make them more effecient,
safe and able to keep up with the times. Cryptocurrencies are a digital cash designed to be quicker, cheaper and more reliable than our current standards. Instead of trusting a 3rd party /
government to create your money, manage storage and transactions. With crypto users transact directly with each other as well as manage their own finances.Since a Middle man isn't
required anymore transactions tend to be very affordable and quick.The term 'Ledger' is used which simply means a database. Learn more about Blockchain on the mining page
Cryptocurrencies use the blockchain technology to store all sorts of information from transactions, balances etc Access to these databases are available to anyone from anywhere at anytime.
We use public keys instead of personal details so anyone viewing the public ledger will not have acces to any personal details. Overall providing accessablity for auditing purposes and
security at the same time, since all the information is recorded on a blockchain and cannot be altered in future. Transactions are secure, permenant and transparent. Creats a trustless system
since the authentication is carried out autonomously over a network.
Blockchain is technology for creating permanent, secure digital recordings that don’t rely on any single person or group. Blockchains can record any information,
though the first example was created to record bitcoin transactions. There are hundreds of blockchains created by many groups to records all sorts of information including art,
medical records, computer information and much more. However we must not confuse a blockchain with a centralised database where all the records are stored and managed
by one group. With blockchain the network requirements are distributed and so a single person or group has no majority control or access.
A smart contract mixes blockchain technology with contracts to make a more efficient and affordable system of doing business. In a smart contract, two people doing
business agree to a trade of good in exchange for money. if the requirements set by both parties of the contract are met it activates delivering what was agreed on. If the
requirements are not met, the contract deactivates.
Similar to when we visit a website a digital certificate beside the website domain verifies the website usually with a green sheild or tick, this is a form
of cryptography, Encrypting information. This method in a way has been further developed and applied to currencies.
PoA - Proof Of Authority
Delivering comparatively fast transactions through a consensus mechanism which verifies transactions based on identity compared to mining used in PoW. A Simple algorithm to grasp, remember using
PoW transactions are verified by miners which can be econmically demanding as well as vulnurable to attack if any miner gains a 51% majority. With PoA-based networks, transactions and blocks are
validated by approved accounts, also known as validators.An automated process which doesn't require constant monitoring. It, however, does require a person to maintian their computer. With PoA,
individuals earn the right to become validators, so there is an incentive to retain a position gained. By attaching a reputation to identity. This is considered more robust than PoS Proof Of Stake where
transactions are verified depending on stakes or how many coins/tokens held.Meanwhile, PoW requires an enormous amount of computing power, which in itself lowers incentive.
PoA however tends to lean towards being more centralised over time.
DAGs
DAGs are a form of consensus that doesn’t use the blockchain data structure and handles transactions.
Theoretically infinite transactions per second, however DAGs have strengths and weaknesses just like any other consensus algorithm.
Tangle
Tangle is the DAG consensus algorithm used by Iota. Essentially a string of individual transactions that are linked to each other and stored through a decentralized network of node participants. Tangle
does not usr miners, users of the network function as the miners themselves by carrying out small computational Proofs of Work (PoW) for each transaction. Scalability is a challenge many
cryptocurrencies face and tangle aims to solve this. Transactions are faster and the number of individual transactions that the system can process simultaneously is unlimitedThe IOTA Tangle uses the
Winternitz signature which is a hash-based cryptography. Tangle is designed to be scalable operating on the idea where more people who use IOTA and Tangle, the more transactions are referenced,
confirmed. This also means that as more people use it, the confirmation rates and timings improve, Tangle does not use blocks, not requiring addresses etc to be kept in the right order. meanining all
transactions can be stored on multiple devices, various locations, different orders and even seperated or mixed together..
SPECTRE: Serialization of Proof-of-work Events: Confirming Transactions via Recursive Elections, better known as SPECTRE, is a proposed Bitcoin scaling solution that utilizes a combination of PoW
and DAGs to reach scalable consensus. In SPECTRE, the blocks are mined pointing to multiple parents, not just one, so the network could potentially handle multiple blocks per second. Mining a block
pointing to some parent blocks supports those blocks validity.
Hashgraph
Block-Lattice
Spectre
Hashgraph: Hashgraph is a gossip-protocol consensus developed by Leemon Baird. Nodes share their known transactions with other nodes at random so eventually all the transactions are gossiped
around to all of the nodes. Hashgraph is really fast (250,000+ transactions per second) but isn’t resistant to Sybil attacks.
Block-lattice: Nano (formerly Raiblocks) runs with a twist on the blockchain called a Block-lattice. The Block-lattice is a structure where every user (address) gets their own chain that only they can
write to, and everyone holds a copy of all of the chains. Block-lattice is very simple and open to unique attack vectors
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How To Buy Bitcoin, Ethereum & Other Cryptocurrencies
Visit tutorials page for videos on how to start up
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Using your local currency
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Purchase Bitcoin, Ethereum
& Other Cryptocurrencies
How To Buy Alt Coins & Other Cryptocurrencies only available on exchanges.
Keep in mind majority of the other cryptocurrencies are purchased with our Bitcoin & Ethereum
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Transfer Bitcoin or Ethereum
From your Broker to an exchange
Select from over 1000
Cryptocurrencies to purchase
How To Store, Keep Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency secure
Transfer your Bitcoin or Crypto from
the Broker or Exchange to an offline wallet
Select your wallet type
Visit the wallets page for more
Store your Key, Pass phrase &
any other information safely
When transferring crypto between Brokers, Exchanges & Wallets. We use the send option and simply enter the
receiving address for your selected currency which is located on every Broker, Exchange or Wallet
Brokers only support a few out of the 1000’s of currencies available in which case coins will need to be
transfered to an offline or online wallet
Each coin has it’s own free online wallet available for download from their main website.
If deciding to hold long term it is advised to purchase an offline wallet for cold storage as anything online or
connected to the Internet is vulnerable and can be compromised in some way, offline eliminates every possibility.
VISIT THE WALLETS PAGE FOR A SELECTION OF THE MOST SECURE, RELIABLE WALLETS ON THE MARKET TODAY
+ MUCH MORE USEFUL INFORMATION
Key Words - Dictionary
Algorithm
An algorithm is a sequence of instruction put in place to
perform a task or solve a problem
Air Drop
A process by where coins a distributed freely on a first
come first serve basis, encouraging use and awareness
Alt Coin
An Alt coin is an alternative crypto currency also known
as an alternative coin. With over 1000s to select from
Bear Trap
When investors try to profit from the price moving down
Causing temporary quick price drops catching others out
Breaking
Breaking is the process by which you expose a system
information which is hidden and secure by infiltrating
Bot
Bot is short for ‘Robot’ which is simply a computer program
that automates the investing process of an asset for you
Bull Trap
When investors try to profit from the price moving up and
Cause a temporary quick price jump catching others out
Consensus
When majority agree on a similar thing we reach a
consensus. The general agreement or understanding
Cold Storage
Cold storage is simply digital data stored away from any
connection to the Internet, computer or any network
Cryptojacking
Is when someones computer has been used without their
permission to secretly mine cryptocurrency
Cryptography
Cryptography is the process of protecting information and
making it unreadable thus protecting the data
Centralized
Centralized is when a system or organization is controlled
by once person or a group of people, a company, Group
Capital
Capital in economics is when you have anything of value
which strengthens your position towards making more wealth
DApp
DApp is a decentralized software applications running on
a network of computers which are public
Double Spending
Double spending is a form of deceit where someone tries to
spend the same token twice, Creating identical transactions
DEX
Is a decentralized exchange. This where users trade and
exchange directly without any 3rd party involvement
Digital Signature
Is a certificate based of a digital I.D. Using cryptography to
authenticate document contents and senders I.D
Decentralized
Decentralized is when a system or activities of an organization
are controlled by distributing across away from central point
Dip
A dip is caused when a crypto currency, stock or asset drops
in price
Escrow
When a 3rd party is involved in a transaction or trade and holds
valuable whether money or goods to reduce any risks
Exchange
An algorithm is a sequence of instruction put in place to
perform a task or solve a problem
Encryption
A secure and efficient process by where information is
made unreadable and hidden
ERC-20
ERC-20 is when a crypto has been built using the technology
behind Ethereum as it’s foundation
Equity Token
Equity token is when an investor own a digital asset which
gives them percentage of ownership into the company
Fork
A fork is similar to an update. A fork is when the blockchain
splits into two path. A hard for when two seperate coins emerge
Fiat Currency
was introduced as an alternative to commodity & representative
money. Government issued, backed by trust and promises
.
OTC - Over The Counter
OTC is When a trade takes place in person similar to
an ATM or payment machine not on an exchange.
Hash Rate
Hash or Hash power is measure in h/s. It is the speed at
which a computer is completing an operation
Hyper Ledger
Started by the linux foundation and is working towards
expanding, advancing cross industry blockchain use.
HODL
HODL which is short for ‘HOLD’ which in this term mean
Hold On For Dear Life. Investors who hold and never sell.
KYC
KYC also known as Know Your Customer is a customer
authentication process required for financial organization
Limit Order
A limit order is when an order is placed to purchase or sell
an asset when it reaches a particular price, normally for profit
Leverage
Leverage gives us more trading value using margins. Simply put
it’s when we use borrowed money to purchase an asset.
Margin Trading
This is when we use money borrowed from the trading platform
to add more value to our investment, leveraging from it.
Masternode
Someone who has a high stake in a cryptocurrency giving them
privileges of holding a full copy of the blockchain. Acts like a server
Market Capitalization
Market cap is how much of a market an asset has. Used to
calculate it’s value. Multiply total number of coins x recent price
Peer To Peer
When resources or files are shared between two computers
directly on a network without a 3rd party server in between.
Pump & Dump
Is when an asset is illegally manipulated inflating the price in
order to sell to others and dump.
Road Map
When an organization sets out it goals and targets in
chronological order for everyone to view. It’s long term plans etc
ROI
Return on investment is when we calculate the percentage of
return from an investment, comparing to the price payed
Shorting
When a 3rd party is involved in a transaction or trade and holds
valuable whether money or goods to reduce any risks
Soft Cap
When raising money through an ICO soft caps are set to make
sure a minimum amount is raised otherwise will not go ahead
Utility Token
Utility token is a digital investment, where an investor as special
access to a product or service
Token
A digital way to represent value, services or a product. We have
3 types, security, equity, utility tokens.
Volume
The amount or quantity of an asset purchased between a period
of time.
We have buy and sell volumes.
Wallet
A digital wallet is simply a software connected to a blockchain
allowing users to send, receive and store currency
Whitepaper
A document which explains a companies goals, targets etc used
as marketing to convince investors of it’s business model
Whitelist
The opposite of blacklisting, users are given privileges, rewards
A list of participants who maybe joined early or trust worthy.
Zero Confirmation
When a transaction has not been recorded on a blockchain and
the, for example a seller delivering what was sold without payment
Lightning Network
Using Bitcoins technology lightning network aims to provide
almost instant transaction time as well as low fees
ICO - Initial Coin Offering
An ICO is when a coin allows the public to invest offering only
a limited amount of coin for a limited time.
Open Source
Open source is when a particular technology is made available
for everyone to share, adjust and contribute. Hence the name
A smart contract uses block chain technology with contracts to improve the efficiency of doing business. Allows credible transactions
to be carried out without the needing a 3rd party. Which will effect how many businesses operate from accountants solicitors, lawyers,
merchants any one dealing with invoices, contracts etc
You can use smart contracts for different situations ranging from financial derivatives to insurance premiums, credit enforcement,
breach contracts, property law, legal processes, crowd funding, financial services, plus much more.
Remember block chain is distributed amongst many individuals where as if it’s controlled or distributed over a small group usually
and organization it’s regarded as a database. Read through the topics, simplified for you to figure out how it all works. Not much to
it and simply a matter of familiarizing with.
Ethereum is similar to blockchain however works differently. Ethereum a distributed blockchain network. Bitcoin Uses an element of
blockchain to carry out peer to peer electronic currency transactions which can be tracked, recorded etc Ethereum on the other hands
focusing on being an open source software platform based on blockchain. Ethereum a blockchain based decentralized platform
where decentralized applications DApps can be built. Allowing developers to build anything they want which will change the way we
see Apps in future.
A smart contract simply works when to people wish to carry out a transaction. Specific requirements are set in place by the people
interacting. It executes the task once specific conditions are met. The contracts cannot be altered once set, going onto a record which
can be accessed from anywhere at any time. Perfect for security.
For example, lets say Cryptonix offers a course online where payment is required in exchange, using smart contracts to carry out the
process. Payment is made in cryptocurrency. The contract agreement is for me to deliver the course in order to receive payment. Payment
is held in an escrow or virtual vault using the virtual smart contract till it confirms the course has been delivered after which the funds are
released. Similar to how Paypal and other financial bodies hold funds temporarily to protect both parties however this is automated.
A very straight forward process. Contracts can be customized completely for example a holding goods, funds till a set date even if
requirements are met early. In the event of the contract not being fulfilled, maybe a missed date etc the transactions are automatically
reversed, refunded etc The funds once funds are received.
Ethereum is Currently Proof of work with plants to move over to proof of stake with the launch of Casper in future. Making it a hybrid of
PoW and PoS. Benefiting from greater security and less energy consumption. Miners within the Ethereum network Earn Ether which is
also used by application developers on the Ehtereum network whether for payments, fees etc Ether works the same way to compensate
miners and create incentive similar to bitcoins however due to limitless amount of Dapps which be can be developed on it’s platfrom using
Ether makes it promising in terms of investments.
Visit my Cryptonix Facebook page for interesting news on Ethereum and how Jp Morgan has a coin called Quarum which is a fork of
Ethereum similar to how Bitcoin Cash is a copy of Bitcoin. Remember the codes for these platforms are open source meaning anyone,
you or i can simply duplicate to create our own similar blockchain.
What Is Ethereum, How Will It Help?
How Does Ethereum Work
Many cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin experience an event call ‘ Halving’ Every few years. Since cryptocurrencies have a fixed
supply and achieve this by halving the mining rewards at regular intervals. This is amount miners are payed each time a block is mined.
This reduces the distribution of coins essentially affecting supply by reducing the amount of coins in circulation and increasing
demand for the cryptocurrency overall as supply is shorter.
Bitcoin halving is when the the block reward miner receive for mining a bitcoin is halved. Currently at 12.5 and will move to 6.5 soon.
This miners earn less.
The science behind it is simple..Bitcoin has a limited supply of 21 million which means that it is not possible
to provide mining rewards for unlimited time. Every 210,000 blocks in the blockchain, at 10 minutes per block it equals to every 4 years.
With regards to bitcoin, the mining reward is cut in half. This is coded into the distributed software known as a node which is used by all
miners and so already built in and factored.
Visit the mining page to learn how mining wors ind depth.
bitcoin is similar to a commodity like gold where as time goes it becomes more difficult to mine, essentially halving extends bitcoins
system since there is a limited supply similar to gold. Whilst increasing it's price as the volume reduce over time. Imagine if the block
reward was at 50 Bitcoins similar to many years ago, bitcoin would run out sooner. This also goes hand in hand with mining technology
taking into account rate it which tech develops since the equipment used now days also has to match the difficulty to an extent.
Bitcoin
Mon, 11 May 2020 18:38
621596
630000
Litecoin
Sun, 02 Jul 2023 23:28
1805596
2500000
Bitcoin Cash
Thu, 06 Aug 2020 03:08
609161
630000
Bitcoin SV
Fri, 10 Apr 2020 02:38
626156
630000
Zcash
Wed, 18 Nov 2020 12:03
759452
1046400
Bitcoin Gold
Tue, 06 Jul 2021 10:18
561022
630000
Ravencoin
Sat, 08 Jan 2022 20:32
1141766
2100000
Bitcoin Diamond
Wed, 05 Aug 2020 12:58
609246
630000
Bytom
Fri, 01 Apr 2022 07:13
409218
840000
Monacoin
Thu, 31 Mar 2022 02:46
1385568
2102400
Verge
Thu, 25 Jun 2020 23:41
3901714
4200000
Vertcoin
Sun, 13 Feb 2022 21:36
1275945
1680000
Blockstamp
Sat, 15 Aug 2020 06:01
828477
1050000
Einsteinium
Mon, 11 Nov 2024 18:40
2803158
5256000
Current Block
Halving Block
Halving Date
Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency Halving Dates
Mining Cryptocurrencies Summarized
cryptocurrency mining is a process which involved various types of transactions which need to be verified before adding to
a digital ledger. Every time a transaction is made a miner is responsible for the authenticity of the information before updating
the blockchain. Which involves competing with other mines to solve a mathematical problems using cryptography, a form of
encryption similar to how website are automatically verified in your search bar above with digital certificates, this process using
cryptography as well. The first miner to solve the code receives the reward.
Mining cryptocurrencies has grown allot in popularity over the passed years favoring those who adopted early as the mining
difficulties were much easier with less competition, more volume of coins available and so on. When mining a certain coin becomes
more competitive difficulty to mine increases to maintain flow which requires upgrading equipment and further investment or
switching over to another profitable coin. In some cases we are better of buying the coins we are interested in directly through an
exchange since it's cheaper compared to mining.. Bitcoins is not recommended as a good choice for beginning to who wish to
start mining, especially if on a smaller scale, perhaps as hobbyist interested in learning how it works. The same equipment can
be used to mine other profitable coins. The current up- front investment, maintenance costs doesn't make it profitable for anyone
using consumer level hardware. Over time Bitcoin mining become more reserved for large scale operations .
Mining accomplishes these three things in a nutshell
Providing bookkeeping services to a coins network. Since mining is automated it's essentially 24/7 computer accounting and verifying
transactions. As a miner you get paid a small reward for the accounting services by receiving fractions of a coin every few days which
over time accumulate and due to price swings can prove to be profitable. Same time paying miners gives incentive to keep providing
the support and keep the system operating Which is why if we see event whether natural, or political effecting mining it in turn has
an effect on cryptocurrency prices. As a miner you will want to keep your costs low from electricity to hardware.
Visit the mining page to learn more interesting information along with examples to help you understand better
Dynamics Of Being An Investor
‘ Investing In Yourself ‘
lets learn more about the dynamics of investing and what it roughly requires in order to be a successful investor. Each of us
individuals are unique with different personal traits which effect our behavior when it comes to investing.
Same time learning the dynamics is a very broad topic which i will try to simplify for you. Covered in more detail as you read
through my web site.
Money is great tool if used correctly. The ability for money to create more money which isn't rocket science and available
for anyone with even the basic resources to access.
Financial planning is important for everyone and a must since this goes way beyond savings. It is truly an investment in
ourselves from our lifestyle to behavior
The need for saving has increased over the years as more jobs are privatized some with less securities in place find
themselves having to save for un for seen circumstances. With advancements in medicine and overall health our
lifespan has also increased however the age for retirement remains the same coupled with hight cost of living means
we have to save more in order to live a comfortable life after retirement. With inflation worth considering saving should
be every individuals priority as the value decreases while demand increases.
Hence why we as investors need to look and plan ahead.
Saving money is no longer a good enough option, almost looses value. Forcing people to move from saving to investing.
What does investment mean? it's and activity which is committing our resources to with
the hopes over time benefits will be acquire through profits or gains of some sort. Commitment of funds and time
as well.
As investors similar to how we spread our investments we also don;t rely on one
income in life. Investment has almost become necessary.
An individuals investment behavior is influenced by many things. Everyone has their own risk taking ability, requirements,
understanding of their strengths, areas to work on and so on. This is where personal investment comes into the equation.
‘ Knowledge is power ‘
VISIT THE DISCOVER PAGE TO FIND OUT MORE VALUABLE INFORMATION ON THE DYNAMICS OF INVESTING
What Is Blockchain & It’s Benefits
What Is Cryptocurrency
What Is Ethereum
Blockchain is a ledger, a growing list of records that are linked together using a form of encryption called cryptography.
The information called blocks are linked on a database the chain.
Blocks store various information from date, time, dollar amount, who is participating. Each block stores a information
also known as a hash which is a unique code similar to an I.D allowing to recognize a block.
Open Ledger - The transactions are publicly accessible by all users
Distributed Ledger - Each user has a copy of the ledger
Advantages:
Accurate, Cost reduction, Secure, private, transparent. Does not require 3rd party intervention, auditable aswell as scalable.
More in detail under topics above, Information & Crypto.
Disadvantages:
Cost of mining can be significant as well as demanding on environment, transactions per second needs improvement,
used for illicit trade an can also e hacked if conditions are right.
Cryptocurrency or otherwise known as crypto currency is simply a digital currency, asset providing a medium of
exchange using cryptography to ensure transactions are carried out securely, effeciently, additional units can created
if required as well as verifying.
Crypto currency is simply the cryptography of blockchain added to a currency.
All cryptocurrency transactions are recorded on a blockchain. Bitcoin was the first blockchain created in 2008.
Since bitcoins release, many other cryptocurrencies have been developed each with their own unique use of the
blockchain. These coins are referred to as Alt Coins or Alternative Coins. A term used often.
Cryptocurrency works on encryption so when a transaction takes place and data is encrypted 2 keys are produced
which are linked together mathematically, one key is required for encrypting and the other to decrypt.
When storing our cryptocurrency we have a public key which is available to use to send, receive etc and our private key
which is the key used to decrypt and access the account.
Cryptocurrencies are decentralized, Learn More about cryptocurrency, dfferent types under the Crypto topic above.
Some cryptocurrencies are built using the same framework as previous currencies and called forks. When using another
cryptocurrency built with open source simply copying the code to create their own similar currency allowing people to
create their own easily.
Ehtereum is a decentralized currency as well as a decentralized open source, public platform meaning anyone can
access and use it. Aimed at developers giving them a place to create decentralized applications. Operating using smart
contracts. Ether is the cryptocurrency on the Ethereum platform given as a reward to miners for mining nodes.
You Can control money and digital currencies, build application anywhere in the world
Similar to how bitcoin is aiming to change the financial way of life with digital currencies and decentralizing currency
Ethereum is working towards changing the internet which is centralized. When we access website, login using
passwords the system verifies the information provided on databases which are help by companies at data centers,
clouds etc which is why some people mention how unsafe their data is if any central organization is compromised.
Ethereum Wishes to distribute all the computational requirements to all the users across the planet via it’s nodes.
A key feature of Ethereum is using smart contract. In a nutshell this is when a transaction automatically executes after
certain conditions have been met. Similar to an escrow and how 3rd party organization temporarily hold funds till they
can verify both parties have completed what was agreed only this is automated. You can imagine for yourself, this will
eventually change how invoices are managed, contracts etc changing many industries from accounting, law, insurance,
finance, health plus much more
Learn the keywords in the Dictionary.
Tax laws for cryptocurrency vary between between different countries, some have been much more open to accept blockchain
whilst others followed suit.
It’s worth looking into your TAX and VAT laws in your area also keeping in mind as the the market grows policies will be
likely be added, refined.
It’s straight forwards depending on income and type of investment they can either be classed as speculative, gambling or investing.
Each have other own TAX requirements which likely falls under Capital Gains Tax otherwise known as CGT. Allot of how you get
taxed depends on your overall incomes and investing behavior
It also worth noting gold can be sued as an alternative when deciding to sell convert profits inot local currency. Instead of
converting directly to your local currency paying tax we can buy gold using crypto through various avenues. Since gold is
Tax free we don’t have to pay. Bear in mind selling the gold for crypto might not be as easy as converting crypto to gold.
As mentioned the market is still growing and as it matures we can expect more avenues to open up for investors or traders to
make purchases with crypto or even directly invest back into other investments. I’m sure things will improve
Links to bitcoin & cryptocurrency tax laws in United Kingdom U.K, America, Switzerland, China, Brazil, Israel, Argentina, Australia
Canada, France, Japan, Italy, Ireland, Sweden, European Union, Finland, Spain, Netherlands, Isle Of Man, Norway, Russia, Malaysia
Hong Kong, India, Cayman Islands, Bahamas, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, South Africa, Kenya, Serbia, Singapore, Germany
Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain + Many more.
TAX laws for cryptocurrency in U.K
Implemented in 2013
Tax on crypto assets for individuals, businesses etc
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tax-on-cryptoassets
Tax on crypto assets for individuals only
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tax-on-cryptoassets/cryptoassets-for-
individuals
Check if you need to pay tax in Great britain, U.K
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/check-if-you-need-to-pay-tax-when-you-sell-
cryptoassets
Tax laws for cryptocurrency in America
https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/virtual-currencies
Tax, Vat & Laws on crypto in:
Switzerland, China, Brazil, Israel, Argentina, Australia Canada, France, Japan, Italy, Ireland, Sweden,
European Union, Finland, Spain, Netherlands, Isle Of Man, Norway, Russia, Malaysia, Hong Kong, India, Cayman Islands, Bahamas,
Jamaica, Dominican Republic, South Africa, Kenya, Serbia, Singapore, Germany, Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain + Many more.
https://www.loc.gov/law/help/cryptocurrency/world-survey.php
Videos Explaining Tax Laws In U.K & Germany
Bitcoin cash is a peer to peer electronic cash similar to Bitcoin due to being a fork of Bitcoin. Find out what a fork is by reading
through the topics above. Started out by the developers and miners of Bitcoin during the early days dout to concerns of bitcoins
scalability. Bitcoin can only process few transactions per second comapred to current methods with can carry out 1000s. Bitcoins
Lightning Technolgoy is suppsoed to address any concerns. Bitcoin cash has faster transaction times and less fees.
Released - July 2017
Trading Name - BCH
Authors - Roger Ver + Member of the older Bitcoin community
Bitcoin Cash
Steem is a crypto currency built around social media and content. Steems objective is to offer hosting for content, social media
platforms aswell as well as storing data. Steem is decentralized and use the Proof Of Stafe PoS protocol with fast transactions and
zero fees, Steem tokens are distributed amongst content creators, we slso have the stable coin steem dollars SBD. So it has it’s own
ecosystem of tokens for content creators and so on. Steem an infaltionary currency with an inflation rate that decreases over time.
Steem blockchain is homt to many DApps, Decentralized apps. The first on called Steemit, a decentralized blogging platform.
Released - March 2016
Trading Name - STEEM
Authors - Ned Scott, Daniel Larimer,
Steem
Hedera Hashgraph is a decentralized public network allowing users to transact, interact and essentially socialise in a secure way.
A distributed ledger technology to make places like the internet safe, reliable and accessible. Using aBFT Algorithm described above
without miner to validate and instead using directed acyclic graphs.
Released - July 2017
Trading Name - HBAR
Authors - Leemon Baird
Steem
0x ( Zero x) is an Ethereum based token allowing developer to build their own decentralized exchanges. An ERC-20 token using
smart contracts to power and create decentralized exchanges DEX. The founder refers to 0x as the ‘ Craigs list for cryptocurrency.
0x upon it’s release, enabled any app or website to accept crypto currency purchases by adding a few simply adding a few lines of
code.
Released - Dec 2018
Trading Name - ZRX
Authors - Will Warren Co founder and CEO
0x
Electroneum os a mobile and smart phone crypto currency aimed at phone users. it allows mining and a wallet all froma smart phone.
Simply download the app and start mining today. it using your Device specifications paying rewards in electroneum. Aimed at users
who don’t understand mining well giving anyone an opportunity to enter as well as those live ing pverty. Smart phone users here are
responsible for operating the blockchain. One of the fastest growing crypt currencies since it’s so easy to use. try it for yourself.
Electroneum uses the Proof of Responsibility PoR protocol making it super secure. Created in United Kingdom.
Released - Sep 2017
Trading Name - ETN
Authors - Richard Ells
Electroneum
Chainlink
Launched by a fintech company called smartcontract. Smarts contracts will change the way many industries work espcially ones
working with any sort of legal agreement from Contracts, invoices, bank payments, documents just to name a few out of many.
Working using the Ethereum platfrom, aiming to the mdidleperson or middleware for communications between blockchain.
A distrinuted oracel network, a software that allows and looks after the connection between a client and an oracel database server.
Chainlink has strong partnerships and a good one to look out for
Released - June 2017
Trading Name - LINK
Authors - Sergey Nazarov as CEO, and Steve Ellis as CTO
Digibyte
Digibyte is a decentralized blockcchain crypto currency. Which aims to be responsible for IOT ( Internet Of Things ), Cyber security
and currency all at the same time. Based on the Bitcoin protocol however with it’s own touch making it different and unique from
bitcoin. Digibyte processes quicker transactions and also uses multiple algorithms compared to other currencies which normally
use one. This offer more routes for miens preventing centralization.
Released - Jan 2014
Trading Name - DGB
Authors - Jared Tate
Waves
Open Source blockchain platform for developing quality DApps. Working similar to crowd funding users can issue tokens for short
periods of time. Waves opened the first decentralized exchange where users can trade with near instant time, zero fees etc
Working on the Leased Proof of Stake LPoW, a modification of the Proof of Stake PoW protocol. Wave also has its own coin or token
which can be traded. Waves coins is required to use their platform. Community token, miner token are other available.
Released - Apr 2016
Trading Name - WAVES
Authors - Alexander Ivanov
Basic Attention
Basic Attention Token is based on the Ethereum platform which powers a marketing software called Brave powered by blockchain.
, essentially an Ad platfrom aimed at the global market. Founded by Brendan Eich who created Java script, co founded Mozilla &
Firefox. A promising project which offers rewards providing incentives for using the platform. Brave is a web browser. This
decentralizes Ad all the way to revenue giving users a share aswell. BAT token is a payment system for their platfrom.
Released - May 2017
Trading Name - BAT
Authors - Brendan Eich
Maker
Maker is a cryptocurrency a governence currency. A utility token which increases in value the more Dai is used. Dai is a stable coin
tied to the U.S Dollar. An Ethereum based blockchain under the Maker project. Plans to create an exchange where margin trading
can be done using the ERC-20 protocol. Ontop of this it will inlucde digital assets which are tied to real goods suchs as gold, currency.
Maker is a very promising project, imagine a the Dai tied to $1 if their was any drop or money lost owed Maker token would step in.
A very intersting project with ambitous goals.
Released - May 2014
Trading Name - MKR
Authors - Founder & CEO Rune Christensen
Aug 18, 2008 - Domain Bitcoin.org is registered
Oct 31, 2008 - Satoshi Nakamoto releases paper
‘ Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronics payment system ‘
Feb 03, 2010 - 1st Public Transaction, 2 x Pizzas
purchased from Papa John’s fr 10,000 BTC
Aug 16, 2010 - The first Bitcoin Attack. Network was
hacked, $184 Billion dollar transaction caught eyes.
Jan 15, 2012 - US drama ‘ The Good Wife ‘ Titles
one of its episode “Bitcoin For Dummies”
Jun 20, 2012 - Coinbase broker, Exchange is founded
Mar 19, 2014 - Japan crypto exchange Mt Gox goes
bankrupt, offline forcing investors to loose money.
Aug 04, 2014 - Microsoft allow Bitcoin transactions
for their games platform
Oct 31, 2008 - Coinye crypto ends up being sued by
Kanye’s legal team
Sep 03, 2016 - Uber Argentina accepts bitcoin, Swiss
National Railway, PC software website, Steem follow.
Dec 18, 2016 - Major crypto currencies established,
Bitcoin, Dash, Ethereum, Litecoin, Ripple, Monero
Dec 31, 2016 - Total number of crypto ATMs increase
to 900 by end of the year
Jan 12, 2018 - 50 Cent uses Bitcoin he accepted for an
album sale to get out of bankruptcy
Jan 27, 2018 - Crypto Market value passes $824 Billion
Apr 03, 2018 - Biggest market fall in Crypto, Market
value goes down to $248 Billion
Jun 21, 2018- Paris Hiltons dad sells mansion in
exchange for crypto currency.
Jun 01 2018 - Samsung announce they will be making
mining chips.
EU Government join to enforce crypto
regulations. Key partnerships, Ripples 2018 app
launches with Santander to help with international
transfers of funds
Sep 09, 2018 - Dogecoin reaches new highs, 100%
gain.
Jan 01, 2020 - Crypto Potential is realised as over 60%
of financial experts beleive it is here for good. Partners
with Ethereum, Chainlink. Big developments
2021 - 2022 - Crypto in full swing
Sep 18, 2019 - Major Partnerships with organization
and blockchain being implemented into already
existing infrastructure. ‘
Mar 07, 2017 - Bitcoin more valuable than gold ounce
Apr 20, 2017 - Japan law passes law accepting Bitcoin
as legal payment. Norwegian bank Skandiabanken adds
Bitcoin accounts for investments and payment system
May 12 2017 - Over 1000 cryptocurrencies are listed
on coin market cap
Jun 01 2017 - Crypto Market value passes $100 Billion
Nov 01 2017 - Crypto Market value passes $250 Billion
Dec 16 2017 - Women hires hitman, paying with Bitcoin
Dec 28, 2017 - Crypto Market value passes $500 Billion
Feb 23, 2015 - Ethereum & Other Cryptos launch
Jul 02, 2015 - EU based Bitcoin exchange Bitstamp
is hacked, but trading resumes shortly after
Nov 22, 2015- Virgin Galactic accepts Bitcoin for
space travel
Oct 29, 2013 - First public Bitcoin ATM goes live in
waves coffee shop, Vancouver Canada.
Nov 12, 2012 - A meme turned to crypto. Dogecoin is
launched.‘
Feb 03, 2011 - Competition. Rival litecoin, Swiftcoin
Namecoin are launched
Apr 16 2011 - Bitcoin headlines in Time Magazine.
Online cash bitcoin could challenge banks
Jan 12, 2009 - 1st BTC transaction. Nakamoto
sends programmer, crypto pioneer Hal Finney
10 Bitcoin
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The term "currency trading" can represent different things. In terms of Digital
currency, trading involves the buying and selling of coins on an exchange.
We can also trade these coins with other account holders such as our family and
friends via the secure wallets provided by each Crypto currency.
These articles, on the other hand will discuss currency trading as buying and selling
currency using online exchanges with the intention to profit and gain capital.
These articles are provided for general information only and here to help you gain
a better perspective by sharing what we have learned.
A digital coin exchange rate is the rate at which one coin can be exchanged for
another. It is always quoted in pairs like ADA/BTC.
Similar to the currency we use everyday, the Euro and the US Dollar rates
fluctuate based on economic factors like inflation, industrial production and geopolitical
events. These factors will influence whether you buy or sell a currency pair.
When trading with digital currency Bitcoin and Ethereum are used to trade depending
on the exchange used with many more to follow such as NEO, COSS to name a few.
The ADA/BTC (Ada / Bitcoin ) rate represents the current price of a single Ada coin and the
Amount of Bitcoin required to purchase. Depending on the exchange used we either trade
using Bitcoin or Ethereum which are purchased prior and deposited into the exchange of
our choice.
We have recommended a few reliable and secure exchanges on our website
to get you started and will update you with more in the near future.
A great website and one of many used allot and worth sharing is www,coinmarketcap.com
It provides valuable information about the crypto currency market, giving statistics on over
1000+ crypto currencies including details on their current price, circulation, market cap as
well other key information to help place yourself in a better position before investing.
If you believe a particular coin will increase in value we purchase the coins with either
Bitcoin or Ethereum. Each exchange has a minimum buy amount ranging from £2-15.
If the value for a coin rises, you can simply decide to sell your coins making a profit or keep
them for long term.
If not trading and deciding to invest for the long term, withdraw coins to a wallet for security
and store keys etc safely. More explained on storage and wallets explained in another topic.
Please keep in mind that Digital currency trading involves a high risk, so please take your
time and to learn markets, trading prior.
Examples of crypto currency trading :
What is currency / coin trading?
How trading works
Key points to know before you trade or buy
Important: Beware of the risks involved
What is a an Exchange?
Short term & Long term investments
Investing short term so you aim to profit within a few months to a year as the value
rises. Potentially using the profits to invest back in with higher capital. Advantages of
short terms will require more time to be committed watching markets etc and selling
when prices are high followed by buying back again when prices lower
Long term involves more initial research, instead were buying with the intention to
hold for a few years before selling as we like to benefit from the maximum potential an
investment has to offer. Bear in mind the time spent researching will help you
decide if an investment is for the long or short term. You are in control so it’s wise to
sell when prices are high regardless of long or short term.
Investment portfolio preparation
Remember investing is not to be rushed allowing our emotions to dictate our
actions. Keeping a clear mind is essential. An ounce of prevention is worth more
then a pound of cure, so take your time writing out a plan for how much you
can afford, how it will be divided etc. Spread your investment over different coins
and over time to benefit from small price dips here and there
Finally, it cannot be stressed enough that trading in an exchange carries
a high level of risk, and may not be suitable for everyone. Before deciding to trade
you should carefully consider your investment objectives, level of experience, and risk
appetite. Remember, you could sustain a loss of some or all of your initial
investment, which means that you should not invest money that you cannot afford
to lose. If you have any doubts, we recommend that you seek advice from an
independent financial advisor.
Starting with smaller amounts is wise which allows you to build experience and
develop a better understanding gaining a better perspective. With time you
begin to develop an eye and will spot patterns more easily. With Digital Currency
we have to remember most of the information we are researching to determine the
investment is found online due to the lack of coverage from the main stream
media and in return can be time consuming.
Lately, currencies have been on a roller coaster ride with record breaking highs and
lows. The world of Digital Currencies is dominating news headlines; but what does it
mean, and more importantly, what do you need to know before you get on board?
First of all, it's important that you understand that trading the Crypto Exchange
market involves a high degree of risk, similar to forex. Including the risk of losing
money. Any investment whether it be forex or Digital should only
involve capital you can afford to lose.
You may have noticed that the value of coins goes up and down every day.
What most people don't realize is that there are exchanges, markets where we can
potentially profit from the movement of these currencies. Some people decide to buy
and hold a coin for long term if the have a higher price in mind whilst others earn a
living from the small price swings which classes them as day or short term traders.
One of the great things about trading currencies now is that you no longer have to
be a big money manager to trade this market; traders and investors like you and
i can trade this market safely.
Bitcoin is the world's first truly decentralized digital currency
It was implemented in early 2009 and has since become
a wide spread crypto currency with an almost 500 billion
dollar market cap and growing.
Bitcoin is a digital or virtual currency which has many uses
making it very attractive to both investors and users. From
paying for goods as well as services.
It works on a technology called a Block chain. More about
Block chain technology to be added soon. There are a wide
range of crypto currencies in the market, such as Bitcoin
Ethereum, Dash, Litecoin, etc.
Bitcoin is a digital currency which can be used everyday and
is available to use online. Block chain at the same time opens
many doors for other services to incorporate block chain into
their business. From decentralizing storage, improving user
experience and much more
Similar to trading any other commodity using forex
exchanges, brokers etc. Crypto currency trading refers to the
purchasing and selling of various crypto currencies available.
Many people are day traders and take advantage of the daily
price swings essentially earning a living from day trading
instead of investing for a long term gain. Their are many
avenues to generating an income by simply trading.
Create an account at one of the reliable and safe
crypto currency brokers, listed on our website.
We can also purchase goods using crypto currency. Big stores
in the U.S, like Target, Walmart, Nike, accept this electronic
money. Additionally, plenty of online stores take Bitcoins for their
products and services as well as the businesses listed below.
If you have any questions please feel free to get in touch.
A good question asked, Is whether it’s legal to buy and make
use of crypto currencies? When it comes to the legality every
government has their own regulations to Bitcoin. Different
countries deal with it differently. For instance, in the early
months of 2017, Japan made Bitcoin a legal payment
method and was the first country to legalize its use
Keep in mind countries are all at different stages of their
economic and overall development which simply means whilst
it may not suit a particular Nation now the future is still open as
once right infrastructure is in place such as in developing
countries it will allow the technology to be used more easily.
This move can influence other nations. Additionally, Russian
officials are taking measures to adopt Bitcoin as a legal
payment method. Crypto currency is not regulated by a central
bank, the price is based on its supply and demand, Similar to
the price of gold or any other currency
What is Bitcoin ?
Is it Legal ?
How do we trade ?
BITCOIN
There are risks involved with Crypto currency as the technology is still in its
Early days. Keep in mind the Forex exchange for trading currencies and commodities
we use every day has a market cap of over 2 Trillion dollars. With Bitcoins only at
around 500 Billion their is still allot of room for growth.
As mentioned different countries will adopt the technology for a variety of uses and
at different rates due to the simple fact each country is experiencing different levels
of growth. So as some countries set to temporarily ban Crypto Currency we can
expect the price to be effected. However by putting in the time and effort to research
opposed to taking some ones words for it and finding out for yourself we can be
make more accurate decisions and at the same time be assured that such events
are not for certain and only for short periods
.
Every trader makes mistakes, so it's a good idea to familiarize yourself with a
trading environment before you invest your money. To improve your trading
skills, try trading with only small amount and rest assured as time progresses
so will your knowledge.
Know the Language
Technical & Fundamental Analysis
Know the Risks
Practice makes perfect!
Research your investment
Justify your investment by carrying out research into the community via social media
pages, forums and perhaps joining to share you own thoughts and ask a few of
questions of your own after all it is your money invested into the project giving you
the right to inquire. Analyze the market you investing in to see if their is room to
grow, any similar products and how competitors are performing if any. Will your
investment actually solve an issue in a realistic manner. Many projects are slightly
too ambitious making your risks higher however rewards equally higher too.
Some links below which you will find useful and worth sharing from experience
www.bitcointalk.org / www.reddit.com / www.youtube.com
www.coinmarketcap.com / www.steem.com
- Low market cap means they have much more room to grow
- Higher market caps are likely more popular so returns could be less however safer.
- Investments which will solve real world problems are worth keeping an eye on
- ICO - Initial coin offerings are when projects are still crowd funding.
Another tip worth sharing is dates such as Announcements New year, End of tax
years, Holidays and so on around the globe can influence prices as traders cash out
to spend their profits providing a good opportunity for others to invest. For example
the Chinese new year commonly known for dropping prices significantly as well as
other key dates through out the year.
Investing can be time consuming however rest assured as time goes the rewards
will be greater and is really that simple. We receive how much we put in.
Similar to anything else in life we invest our time or energy in, all of which
need practice and most of all patience.
When trying to understand the value of a coin we look at few things. Some listed:
- Market cap
-Total supply
- Circulating supply
The reason Bitcoins price is estimated to reach high numbers is due to its overall
supply of 21 Million. No more can be made meaning as time goes eventually the
supply will decrease as demand increases raising the value.
The market cap is calculated based on the last price a coin was sold for multiplied
by its supply and can be misleading and should not be used alone when investing.
So if the total number of coins for example = 5 and were bought at $1 the cap
will be $5. If someone was to sell a coin for $2 the market cap becomes $10 now.
So we must use different figures and data when trying to decide if an investment
is right and if the time to buy is right by determining if the price is accurate first
before calculating if their is room to grow and so on.
As well as social media etc if for example the investment your planning to get into
seems high. Researching will allow you to see if the price is due to natural growth
or attention otherwise known as ‘Hype’ which in this day and age can be fueled by
a famous person mentioning a coins name increasing it’s awareness and over all
price. However if a price is raised by Hype we can expect it to settle down after.
Still profitable however serious investors will need to look for product development
Place Stop losses, buy orders in order to maximise on a position or to prevent an
further loss. Familiarize with the trading platform before proceeding.
Watch my tutorial videos to learn more on how to trade and navigate around
an exchange platform
Trading Tips
SMA - Simple Moving Average
Important Dates and Key points
Understand current value of an investment
Moving averages are without a doubt the most popular trading tools and indicators
What is a 'Simple Moving Average - SMA' and learned on Forex mainly.
A simple moving average (SMA) is an arithmetic moving average calculated by
adding the closing price of the security for a number of time periods and then
dividing this total by the number of time periods.
9 or 10 period: Very popular and extremely fast moving. Often used as a directional
filter (more later)
21 period: Medium-term and the most accurate moving average. Good when it
comes to riding trends
50 period: Long-term moving average and best suited for identifying the longer term
direction
The above refers to number of days from the current day when looking at a chart for
a particular coin to try to determine the movement.
Bear in mind these tips have been acquired though trading with forex where trends
are more predictable and can be followed easier.
As mentioned in previous topics, Crypto Currency is new and growing with
many new projects and at the same time not enough main stream media coverage
as marketing essentially is becoming ore competitive. Finding patterns will not be
as easy. Predicting the price movement for now is a challenge even for the most
experienced investors in Crypto Currency. It simply means it’s up to us to find the
information were after our selves via the web, networking, events, socializing and
applying it with our experience or knowledge to the market being invested in to
decide how much and how long to invest for.
View Tutorials Page For A Guide
Around Exchanges & How To
Place A Trade
Storage and How to purchase
What is a digital wallet ?
We have online wallets and offline wallets allowing us to send, receive and
monitor Visit the wallets and tutorials page to purchase your wallet, setup
and learn about storage. Get yours today.
Each coin has it’s own secure wallet which can be found on their main
website and is advised to use if buying for long term as this keeps you in
full control. If trading it’s easier tostore on the exchange and simply to
transfer offline when not trading for safety reasons.
A wallets is basically an I.D consisting of random numbers and letters.
Each wallet has it’s own login page supplied by providers main website
unless a desktop version is available.The Wallet also provides the user
with a Password otherwise known as a key which consistsof numbers
1-9 and letters A-Z. The password or key is roughly 0-64 values long
including both numbers and letters. Each one is unique and should be
stored safely. The this code should not be shared with anyone you don’t
know or left stored on any devices connected to the internet.
The wallet I.D allow us to deposit into the wallet and the password will be
required each time we try to access the wallet. Remember to keep your
Wallet I.D and Key very Safe. if you loose these we will loose access.
A paper wallet is safe and used by millions. This is where we write down or
print the key manually entering when need be. Advantages of storing your
key on paper makes it almost impossible to be compromised
During the course of 2018 we will see many new products available on the
market allowing us to store multiple coins under one wallet for convenience
increasing the overall usability of such currencies.
We also have USB devices specifically created to store multiple coins as
most wallets will only hold their own coins. The Nano Ledger is one of a few
products allowing us to store more the one coin offline on USB safely.
Please visit our page on wallets for more information on storage and
security. Rest assured it’s very straight forward
Simply withdraw funds back to the wallet where funds where deposited from
such as Coinbase. When you decide to withdraw funds and convert your
currency to USD / GBP /EUR / JPY / CHF / RUB etc we are likely required to
pay VAT on the amount. Which will beeither regular Vat or CGT (Corporate
Gains Tax) Each Tax, Vat law varies with countries. In U.K Trading maybe
classed as speculative such as gambling, day trading or investing. All of
which require different Vat levels. The HMRC in U.K assesses each
individual case. Please look into regulations for your area to be safe.
Take a look at the news page for more information on Tax or visit my
Youtube Channel
Visit HMRC page on Crypto currency here.
Withdrawals and VAT?
VISIT CRYPTONIX HOMEPAGE, REGISTER
WITH MORE WORLD LEADING
BROKERS & EXCHANGES
Tron is very interesting and complex block chain
based decentralized protocol which aims to
construct a world wide free content entertainment
center. This will give creators full control over their
content. A decentralized version of the online media
we use today. Tron has 3 tokens called
Tronix(TRX) which can be traded with and is
required to access their system to buy and sell
content. Tron Power where holders of Tron commit
to having theirs coins held in exchange for Tron
Power. This also gives holders voting rights as well
as other privileges towards the Tron ecosystem. The
Tron 20 token is interesting since it allows content
creators to issue their own tokens. This will solve
high fees creators currently play for images, video
etc content online, censorship and more.
Released - September 2017
Trading Name - TRX
Author - Justin Sun
Cardano is a platform used for running the Ada
Crytocurrency and smart contracts. Led by co
founder of Bitshares, Ethereum and Ethereum
classic. Run on a proof of stake algorithm which
makes it very cost efficient compared to other block
chain platforms. Ada Crypto currency operates on its
own blockchain called Cardano settlement layer
CSL. CSL is the accounting and transaction layer. A
second layer called Cardano Computation Layer
CCL will support smart contracts and decentralised
apps. Offers fast transaction, speeds, reliablity and
quantum resistance computing. More advanced
then other coins however in the development stages
yet.
Released - September 2017
Trading Name - ADA
Author - IOHK Input Outut Hong Kong - Block chain
development firm
Tether is issued on the Bitcoin block chain through
the omni layer protocol. Tether has one dollar
backed for every tether coin in a reserve. It is tied to
the U.S Dollar and so remains at the same value as
a Dollar. Used by many traders and investors to
hold funds temporarily through market fluctuations
keeping their value, investing back into the market
at lower rates. Tether has had allot of attention for
the wrong reason due to various claims. Similar
coins to Tether are available.
Released - July 2014
Trading Name - USDT
Author - Brock Pierce - Santa Monica based startup
company
Iota is a platform which doesn't use miners or
blocks. Based of a mathematical concept, DAG
Directed Acylic Graph, called a Tangle. Due to
growth of the internet of things (IOT) a micro
payment system has been demanded by users.
Bitcoin was set to take this place however must
solve it’s issues with fees plus how miners and
users are required in order to function. The tangle
eliminates all of this. Tanlge has no transaction fees
and the more it use used the faster it becomes
making it great for scaling. User can store data on
the Tangle as well as transfer value without fees.
Quantum resistant and in it's early stage of
development. As the Internet of things
increase we can expect such projects to gain
attention.
Released - 2015
Trading Name - USDT
Author - David Sontesbo, Dominik Schiener,
Serguei Popov and Sergey Ivancheglo - Berlin
based IOTA foundation
Vechain is a comany using smart chips on a block
chain platform focusing on supply management,
fiancial services and smart contracts. First coin to
partner with the Chinese government. It has partnered
with companies in logistics, agriculture, luxury good,
foods / drugs and more. Also working on creating their
own block chain instead of using the Ethereum block
chain. Vechain has a second token called VeThor
Token otherwise known as the Thor token. Thor token
is used to pay for applications and transactions on the
block chain, used by companies etc. Their smart chip
and block chain relationship allows complete tracking
of goods. The smart chip records environment details,
geographic position and much more. A company with
many established partners already.
Released - June 2015
Trading Name - VET
Author - Vechain team led by Sunny Lu - Singapore
EOS is a block chain platform which for
decentralized applications DAPPS. The idea for
EOS is to basically provide best of best of both
worlds. The security of Bitcoin and suport of
Ethereum. Aims for a Decentralized operating
system supporting industrial scale applications
focusing on removing transaction fees and
introduce millions of transactions per second. They
will also offer many other services such as user
authentication, cloud storage, and server hosting
Released - July 2017
Trading Name - EOS
Author - Private company - Block One
Zcash is a crypto currency aimed at providing more
privacy compared to other coins using the
cryptography protocol. Payments on the block chain
are publicly recorded however users have an optional
privacy feature so users can conceal information on
transactions such as senders address, amount etc. A
selective disclosure option is available which can be
used for auditing reasons. It has a fixed supply similar
to Bitcoin of 21 million.
Released - October 2016
Trading Name - ZEC
Author - Zooko Wilcox-O'Hearn
Lisk is open source crypto currency on a
decentralized platform. Allows developers especially
with java script experience to build, share and
manage applications on it’s network. It uses a side
chain created for DAPPS developed and in return the
network will not effect the main chain. It’s plan is to
solve scalability issues some coins are experiencing.
Lisk uses a DPoS (Delegated-Proof-of-Stake)
algorithm first used in the
development of the exchange platform Bitshares.
Currently in development stage.
Released - May 2016
Trading Name - LSK
Author - Max Kordek & Oliver Beddows - Switzerland
Icon is building one of the largest decentralized
networks in the world where anyone can connect to
any block chain. These block chains can interact with
each other via smart contracts The plan is in the
future where each community can connect to a block
chain building a single ecosystem where users share
services from financial, security, insurance, health
care, educational, commerce and much more. They
will
essentially transact on a single network. An
ambitious plan to unlock the full potential of block
chain as well
as providing real world use.
Released - September 2017
Trading Name - ICX
Author - Dayli Financial Group - Korean Fintech
company from ICON Foundation - Switzerland
QTUM aim to to create a public block chain with an
open source code, using technology from Bitcoin and
Ehtereum. It aims to provide the same use as Bitcoin
however with also smart contracts and Decentralized
applications DAPP. Think of Ethereum smart
contracts on a block chain system similar to Bitcoin.
Due to using similar technology however slightly
more advanced it also benefit from an upgrades to
Bitcoin and Ethereum such as the lightning network
which will reduce fees, transactions per second
increasing overall efficiency. QTUM is an opponent
of Ethereum.
Released - March 2017
Trading Name - QTUM
Author - Patrick Dai - Singapore
Bitcoin
Bitcoin is the first decentralized digital crypto
currency with it’s own payment system. Bitcoins are
sent from user to user on the peer-to-peer network
directly, without the need for 3rd party involvement.
These transactions are verified by network nodes via
cryptography and recorded in a public distributed
ledger called a blockchain. Bitcoin was invented by
an unknown person or group of people using the
name Satoshi Nakamoto and was released as an
open-source software
Released - January 2009
Trading Name - BTC
Author - Satoshi Nakamoto
Ethereum
Ethereum is an open source decentralized platform
which runs smart contract applications. The
applications work exactly as programmed with no
downtime, censorship, fraud or any 3rd party
interference. Works on the proof of work POW
algorithm. Similar coins are Waves, Neo, Cardano to
list a few competitors. Fastest growing developer
community. Alliances with companies like Microsoft
and Intel to name a few.
Released - July 2015
Trading Name - ETH
Author - Vitalik Buterin - Development funded by
online crowd sale
Ripple
Ripple is a real time gross settlement system RTGS,
currency exchange and remittance network the runs
on Ripple. Also called the Ripple Transaction
Protocol RTXP or Ripple Protocol, XRP is being
supplied to banks to assist with cross borders
transactions. Near instant transaction times,
settlement infrastructure used by banks, They have
significant corporate backing and a large team. Used
by UBS, UniCredit and Santander . Founders of
ripple control more then 60% of XRP. Similar coins
are Stellar Lumens.
Released - 2012
Trading Name - XRP
Authors - Arthur Britto, David Schwartz, Ryan Fugger
Litecoin
Litecoin is a peer to peer internet currency that
allows instant and almost zero fee transactions to
anyone around the world. Currently has faster
transaction times then Bitcoin and can handle more
transactions. it also has more coins in circulation. It
is open source and not manage by any authority.
Litecoin is similar to Bitcoin. Increasing
development, The founder of Coinbase left his role
to join Litecoin.
Released - October 2011
Trading Name - LTC
Authors - Charlie Lee
NEM
NEM is the first Private and Public block chain
combination and a popular Japanese block chain.
Written in Java, Unique Proof of importance
algorithm POI. Allowing users to send payments
and messages securely world wide. Built in
Reputation system. Recognized by some banks in
Japan. Scalable, number of transactions 3000+ and
almost zero fees 0.01%. Similar coins are Stellar
Lumens, Ripple and Dash.
Released - March 2015
Trading Name - XEM
Authors - Unknown, Started on Bitcoin talk forum
by a member named Utopian Future.
Dash
Dash in an open source Peer to Peer Internet
crypto currency that offers instant transactions and
private transactions as wells as fungible tokens. It
is a fork of the Bitcoin software. Self funded and
self governed structure. The name Dash is
considered short for Digital cash. Low transaction
fees and almost instant.
Released - January 2014
Trading Name - DASH
Authors - Evan Duffield
Ethereum Classic
Ethereum Classic is the original Ethereum block
chain. Creation of smart contracts and custom
tokens. It is however much cheaper. Provided
untampered history since its an older. This was due
to a hard fork after an incident of missing Ether
tokens. To resolve the issue the tokens to be
returned to the rightful owners and security issue
had to be addressed. A fork was created, more
updated called Ethereum. Renaming the previous
version Ethereum Classic. This preserves the
records etc and integrity.
Released - July 2015
Trading Name - ETC
Authors - Ethereum Community
Stellar Lumens
Stellar Lumens is a platform which connects bank
payments systems with people. Instant payments as
well as customizable payment infrastructure. An
open source protocol supported by the non profit
stellar foundation. In 2014 founder of Mt Gox and co
founder of Ripple launched the network system
Stellar. No mining available as majority of coins are
held by developers.
Released - July 2014
Trading Name - XLM
Authors - Jed McCleb, Joyce Kim
NEO
Neo is block chain platform an cryptocurrency
designed to build a scalable network of
decentralized applications. Based in China, KYC
compliant with ties to many major exchanges.
Allows the creation of smart contacts and custom
tokens. Considered to the Chinas version of
Ethereum. Similar to Ethereum. Can achieve up to
10000 transactions
Released -Feb 2014
Trading Name - NEO
Authors - Da Hongfei - through his development
company Onchain
Monero
Monero is an open source currency which is
focusing on privacy and, decentralization. It runs on
Windows, MacOS, Android, Linus, iOS and
FreeBSD. Based of the Proof of work POW
algorithm. Monero is fungible, meaning it is
interchangeable and can be substituted for another
Monero. Different from other public ledger crypto
currencies like Bitcoin where users can refuse to
accept coins from other
users due to their activity,
Released - April 2014
Trading Name - XMR
Author - Nicolas van Saberhagen
What Are Crypto Currencies
The Internet was missing a digital payments system which was cost effective
and efficient in keeping up with the increasing development of digital content.
An algorithm was created using cryptography to provide a way to govern
digital assets. When we visit a website, digital certificates verify each site
with encryptions which is similar to how crypto currencies work. Crypto
currencies are digital assets which provide many benefits. They can be
used for transferring and verifying of assets, securing financial transaction
plus control the creation of additional units. Digital currencies using
cryptography were created and tested since the 1980s and were centralized.
Bitcoin was the first decentralized currency. The term Alt Coins can be used
to describe the alternative crypto currencies. With bitcoin all transactions are
available to the public however owners cannot be identified since only the
public keys otherwise known as your addresses are visible. We have
alternative currencies in development which provide more anonymous
transactions to take place such as Monero, Zcash and Dash to name a few.
Crypto currencies provide a decentralized control compared to the
centralized infrastructure. Using a decentralized platform simply means
there is no central control or authority as the operational and other
requirements are distributed over all of its participants giving no single
person, group etc control as well as increasing over all security since no
central location is present.
The data gathered whether it be from transactions, purchases are placed
on a block chain which is a list of records called blocks linked using
cryptography. Once on the block the data cannot be modified as more blocks
are placed in front. A block chain provides security as well as accessibility
without the need for a trusted 3rd party or server since it’s all carried out
automatically. Each block typically contains a link to the previous block,
Time stamp and transaction data. Miners play the role of validating
transactions creating blocks, time stamping all of which are carried out
automatically using mining equipment. Miners compete to solve equations
and are rewarded with the currency mined as an incentive to keep mining
and provide processing power for the network. Different mining equipment
is available depending on the currency mined. Read our page on mining for
more information Different algorithms have been developed. These define
how a currency works and also provide different uses for the technology.
Knowing these helps decide when investing
Crypto currencies are stored on digital wallets. Each wallet has a unique
private and public key. The public key is used to receive where the private
key is used to access you wallet and should be kept secure. Visit our wallets
page for more information.
How Crypto Currencies Work
ICOs-Initial coin offerings is a way of funding for crypto currencies which is
carried out via crowd funding with private funding now also becoming
popular due to the demand. These are considered as early investors.
Investors receive tokens in exchange. Some ICOs have minimum buy
requirements and accept Bitcoin and Ethereum mostly. A popular way for
companies to raise capital without going through regulatory frame work such
as banks, governments. At the same time it makes ICOs very risky and
many are considered to be Fraudulent. Generally investors who buy during
an ICO stage receive a coin for much cheaper as a reward for being early
investors and so when the coins become available on an exchange to be
traded publicly early investors are likely to sell as soon as tokens are made
public for immediate profits buying more once prices lower or not at all.
Understanding the market is important.
ICOs
INFORMATION
Types Of Networks
Decentralized
Distributed
Centralized
A Decentralized Network is where trades, transactions occur
directly between users (peer-to-peer) without the need for a 3rd
party to manage. The network is run by many nodes (people) spread
around where allowing anyone to join.Bitcoin is an example, a
decentralised system meaning not one single entity has full control,
no central point. Users are in control, transactions can occurs at any
time or day. Transactions verified using the PoW Algorith to maintain
integrity. Information is available publicly anywhere at anytime.
more secure. Read more on the topic crypto above.
Similar to how we have been keeping records, accounts throughout history,
from paper used today, Papyrus to clay tablets a ledger takes this to the next
level. A Ledger is simply a record of accounts also know today as a
database. Cryptocurrencies run on 3 main types of networks,
centralised, decentralised and distributed ledgers.
worth mentioning how cryptocurrencies can experience a form of
centralisation, especially during a projects early years of developement as
less users are on a network allowing few to gain majority holdings followed
by more control, however the understanding is with time as demand
increases, number of users etc we see more adoption this will
distribute stakes more evenely leaving less room for centralization
as well as other concerns
Centralized systems are what we use today. A Network
where the administrative duties are carried out by a 3rd
party or central organisation. For example our medical,
financial, academic information are all stored on centralised
databases. Giving the organisation complete control. When
we make a payment online a 3rd party such as a bank must
verify transactions as well as manage data. Restricts who can
make changes and access. Decentralised systems aim to elminate
this through algorithms, reducing costs increasing security and more.
Read Through My Website, Visit the Wallet
Mining Pages To Understand
How It All Fits Together
Distributed systems are where transactions, contracts or
information is stored in a decntralized way across different
locations and people without requiring a central authority.
Each Node, participant keeps a record and information is
is stored on permenant database. Decentrlized and distributed
ledgers are harder to hack or attack since all the copies have to
be attacked silmutanously to work, Less central control, overall
easier to access plus more. This system can help manage our legal
documents, licenses and more effeciently.
How Crypto Currencies Function & Operate
Different types of rules and problem solving operations are used which make
the currencies available unique from one another. Also known as algorithms,
briefly explained below. They define how a currency or platform works.
Algorithms are essentially automated and control networks with minimal
human interaction. Each one has their advantages and disadvantages.
Remember miners replace bank clerks and any 3rd party service where
accustomed to and are essential to networks running smoothly.
These algorithms decide how miners function, their role and the overall
operation of a system.
Used by Bitcoin, Ethereum, Monero, Litecoin, Zcash and
many other crypto currencies.
Proof of work is a function or protocol which requires
computational work to provide proof of work in order to
validate transactions and operations. Users provide proof
or validation by calculating many hashing operations to
receive with the requested services. The process only
takes a few seconds. Please read our mining page for
more information on how it all fits together.
Created in 1993 by Cynthia Dwork and Moni Naor to
prevent network attacks from Spam and DoS (Denial of
Service) by requiring proof from the CPU. Developed
further in 1997 by Adam Back so users are now
required to solve Hashing equations for proof.
Used by NXT, Peercoin, Ethereum is on its way to
becoming PoS.
Proof of stake is where miners can validate blocks
depending on how many coins they hold which simply
means they receive more mining power. Proof of stake
is more secure since with proof of work it’s possible for
miner to gain 51% share of computational power and
perform an attack on the system, with proof of stake
someone would have to hold over 51% of total coins
which is unlikely to happen. Coins have to be locked
into a deposit to participate in the operational
requirements. Proof of stake also is cheaper in running
costs. Less electricity and Computer hardware. With
PoW users have to use their CPU / GPU power to mine
and solve hashing equations which consumes electricity
and resources. With PoS miners validate blocks
depending on the amount they own reducing running
costs significantly.
Created in 2012 by Sunny King and Scott Nadal.
Used and Developed by NEO coin.
Delegated Byzantine fault tolerance - dBFT
dBFT is proposed as an alternative to PoS and PoW. A
block chain ecosystem is made of multiple users, node
or applications. Since there is no central authority
transactions need to be approved and verified accurately
and timely. The dBFT algorithm has two types of operators
or nodes in its block chain. Users who buy and trade are
known as ordinary nodes and consensus nodes or
bookkeepers who take part in block validation and voting
similar to miners in Bitcoin. To become a consensus node
you require a dedicated internet connection and certain
amount of GAS, Neo’s utility token which powers the network.
Bookkeeping nodes are selected through a delegated voting
process. During each verification process one of the node
operators is randomly selected to display its version of the
block chain. If 2/3 of the remaining nodes agree transactions
are approved.
PoW - Proof Of Work
PoS - Proof Of Stake
dBFT
Different Types Of Crypto Currencies
These are tokens or coins which provide users with access to
services and products. Since the total coins supply is limited the
value is likely to appreciate over time if the project deliver as
promised and succeeds. Some companies might give the
impression they are utility coins however are really investments
and so will be considered as securities.
Security tokens or coins describe any asset that can be traded.
Coins backed by precious metal, real estate and so on. When
money involved is for investment purposes it is classed
a security.
Equity tokens are part of securities. What makes Equity
different is the token represents ownership of company
assets, debt or stock. Ethereum based smart contracts
are a good example which allow start up to easily issue
stocks or equity tokens via the smart contract
Utilities Tokens
Equity Tokens
Securities Tokens
What Is Cryptocurrency & Blockchain
Cryptocurrencies introduce a new and much needed level of security to
our way of lives, an inevitable path. The technology will benefit many
industries inlcuding the financial, logistic, academic, Information, Security
plus much more. As you read through my site you will learn how this
technology can and will be applied to current systems and infrastructure
to make them more effecient, safe and able to keep up with the times.
Cryptocurrencies are a digital cash designed to be quicker, cheaper and
more reliable than our current standards. Instead of trusting a 3rd party /
government to create your money, manage storage and transactions.
With crypto users transact directly with each other as well as manage
their own finances.Since a Middle man isn't required anymore
transactions tend to be very affordable and quick.The term 'Ledger' is
used which simply means a database. Learn more about Blockchain on
the mining page
Cryptocurrencies use the blockchain technology to store all sorts of
information from transactions, balances etc Access to these databases
are available to anyone from anywhere at anytime. We use public keys
instead of personal details so anyone viewing the public ledger will not
have acces to any personal details. Overall providing accessablity for
auditing purposes and security at the same time, since all the information
is recorded on a blockchain and cannot be altered in future. Transactions
are secure, permenant and transparent. Creats a trustless system since
the authentication is carried out autonomously over a network
.
Blockchain is technology for creating permanent, secure digital
recordings that don’t rely on any single person or group. Blockchains can
record any information, though the first example was created to record
bitcoin transactions. There are hundreds of blockchains created by many
groups to records all sorts of information including art, medical records,
computer information and much more. However we must not confuse a
blockchain with a centralised database where all the records are stored
and managed by one group. With blockchain the network requirements
are distributed and so a single person or group has no majority control
or access. A smart contract mixes blockchain technology with contracts
to make a more efficient and affordable system of doing business. In a
smart contract, two people doing business agree to a trade of good in
exchange for money. if the requirements set by both parties of the
contract are met it activates delivering what was agreed on. If the
requirements are not met, the contract deactivates. Similar to when we
visit a website a digital certificate beside the website domain verifies the
website usually with a green sheild or tick, this is a form of cryptography,
Encrypting information. This method in a way has been further
developed and applied to currencies.
PoA - Proof Of Authority
Delivering comparatively fast transactions through a
consensus mechanism which verifies transactions based on
identity compared to mining used in PoW. A Simple algorithm
to grasp, remember using PoW transactions are verified by
miners which can be econmically demanding as well as
vulnurable to attack if any miner gains a 51% majority. With
PoA-based networks, transactions and blocks are validated
by approved accounts, also known as validators.An automated
process which doesn't require constant monitoring. It, however,
does require a person to maintian their computer. With PoA,
individuals earn the right to become validators, so there is an
incentive to retain a position gained. By attaching a reputation
to identity. This is considered more robust than PoS Proof Of
Stake where transactions are verified depending on stakes or
how many coins/tokens held.Meanwhile, PoW requires an
enormous amount of computing power, which in itself lowers
incentive. PoA however tends to lean towards being more
centralised over time.
DAGs
DAGs are a form of consensus that doesn’t use the blockchain data structure
and handles transactions. Theoretically infinite transactions per second,
however DAGs have strengths and weaknesses just like any other
consensus algorithm.
Tangle
Tangle is the DAG consensus algorithm used by Iota. Essentially a string
of individual transactions that are linked to each other and stored through
a decentralized network of node participants. Tangle does not usr miners,
users of the network function as the miners themselves by carrying out
small computational Proofs of Work (PoW) for each transaction. Scalability
is a challenge many cryptocurrencies face and tangle aims to solve this.
Transactions are faster and the number of individual transactions that the
system can process simultaneously is unlimitedThe IOTA Tangle uses the
Winternitz signature which is a hash-based cryptography. Tangle is
designed to be scalable operating on the idea where more people who
use IOTA and Tangle, the more transactions are referenced, confirmed.
This also means that as more people use it, the confirmation rates and
timings improve, Tangle does not use blocks, not requiring addresses etc
to be kept in the right order. meanining all transactions can be stored on
multiple devices, various locations, different orders and even seperated
or mixed together..
SPECTRE: Serialization of Proof-of-work Events: Confirming Transactions
via Recursive Elections, better known as SPECTRE, is a proposed Bitcoin
scaling solution that utilizes a combination of PoW and DAGs to reach
scalable consensus. In SPECTRE, the blocks are mined pointing to
multiple parents, not just one, so the network could potentially handle
multiple blocks per second. Mining a block pointing to some parent blocks
supports those blocks validity.
Hashgraph
Block-Lattice
Spectre
Hashgraph: Hashgraph is a gossip-protocol consensus developed by
Leemon Baird. Nodes share their known transactions with other nodes
at random so eventually all the transactions are gossipednaround to all
of the nodes. Hashgraph is really fast (250,000+ transactions per second)
but isn’t resistant to Sybil attacks.
Block-lattice: Nano (formerly Raiblocks) runs with a twist on the
blockchain called a Block-lattice. The Block-lattice is a structure where
every user (address) gets their own chain that only they can write to,
and everyone holds a copy of all of the chains. Block-lattice is very
simple and open to unique attack vectors
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How To Buy Bitcoin, Ethereum & Other
Cryptocurrencies
Visit the tutorials page for videos
on how to start up
Register with a Broker from our
home page, handpicked for you
Using your local currency
Either credit, debit card or cash
Purchase Bitcoin, Ethereum
& Other Cryptocurrencies
How To Buy Alt Coins & Other
Cryptocurrencies only available
on exchanges.
Keep in mind majority of the other
cryptocurrencies are purchased with
Bitcoin & Ethereum
Register with an Exchange from our
home page, handpicked for you
Transfer Bitcoin or Ethereum
From your Broker to an exchange
Select from over 1000
Cryptocurrencies to purchase
How To Store
Keep Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency secure
Transfer your Bitcoin or Crypto from
the Broker or Exchange to an offline wallet
Select your wallet type
Visit the wallets page for more
Store your Key, Passphrase &
any other information safely
When transferring crypto between
Brokers, Exchanges & Wallets. We use the
send option and simply enter the
receiving address for your selected
currency which is located on every Broker,
Exchange or Wallet
Brokers only support a few out of the
1000’s of currencies available in which
case coins will need to be
transfered to an offline or online wallet
Each coin has it’s own free online wallet
available for download from their main
website.
If deciding to hold long term it is advised
to purchase an offline wallet for cold
storage as anything online or
connected to the internet is vulnerable
and can be compromised in some way,
offline eliminates every possibility.
VISIT THE WALLETS PAGE FOR A
SELECTION OF THE MOST SECURE,
RELIABLE WALLETS ON THE MARKET
TODAY
+ MUCH MORE USEFUL INFORMATION
Key Words - Dictionary
Algorithm
An algorithm is a sequence of instruction put in place to
perform a task or solve a problem
Air Drop
A process by where coins a distributed freely on a first
come first serve basis, encouraging use and awareness
Alt Coin
An Alt coin is an alternative crypto currency also known
as an alternative coin. With over 1000s to select from
Bear Trap
When investors try to profit from the price moving down
Causing temporary quick price drops catching others out
Breaking
Breaking is the process by which you expose a system
information which is hidden and secure by infiltrating
Bot
Bot is short for ‘Robot’ simply a computer program
that automates the investing process of an asset for you
Bull Trap
When investors try to profit from the price moving up and
Cause a temporary quick price jump catching others out
Consensus
When majority agree on a similar thing we reach a
consensus. The general agreement or understanding
Cold Storage
Cold storage is simply digital data stored away from any
connection to the internet, computer or any network
Cryptojacking
Is when someones computer has been used without their
permission to secretly mine cryptocurrency
Cryptography
Cryptography is the process of protecting information and
making it unreadable thus protecting the data
Centralized
Centralized is when a system or organization is controlled
by once person or a group of people, a company, Group
Capital
Capital in economics is when you have anything of value
which strengthens positions towards making more wealth
DApp
DApp is a decentralized software applications running on
a network of computers which are public
Double Spending
Double spending, a form of deceit where someone tries to
spend the same token twice, Creating identical transactions
DEX
Is a decentralized exchange. This where users trade and
exchange directly without any 3rd party involvement
Digital Signature
Is a certificate based of a digital I.D. Using cryptography to
authenticate document contents and senders I.D
Decentralized
Decentralized, when a system or activities of organizations
are controlled by distributing across away from central point
Dip
A dip is caused when a crypto currency, stock or asset
drops in price
Escrow
When a 3rd party is involved in a transaction or trade and
holds valuable whether money or goods to reduce any risk
Exchange
An algorithm is a sequence of instruction put in place to
perform a task or solve a problem
Encryption
A secure and efficient process by where information is
made unreadable and hidden
ERC-20
ERC-20 is when a crypto has been built using the
technology behind Ethereum as it’s foundation
Equity Token
Equity token is when an investor own a digital asset which
gives them percentage of ownership into the company
Fork
Similar to an update. A fork is when a blockchain splits into
two paths. A hard for when two separate coins emerge
Fiat Currency
Introduced as an alternative to commodity & representative
money. Government issued, backed by trust and promises
.
OTC - Over The Counter
OTC is When a trade takes place in person similar to
an ATM or payment machine not on an exchange.
Hash Rate
Hash or Hash power is measure in h/s. It is the speed at
which a computer is completing an operation
Hyper Ledger
Started by the linux foundation and is working towards
expanding, advancing cross industry blockchain use.
HODL
HODL which is short for ‘HOLD’ which in this term mean
Hold On For Dear Life. Investors who hold and never sell.
KYC
KYC also known as Know Your Customer is a customer
authentication process required for financial organization
Limit Order
A limit order is when an order is placed to purchase or sell
an asset when it reaches a particular price, likely for profit
Leverage
Leverage gives us more trading value using margins.
Simply when we use borrowed money to purchase an asset
Margin Trading
This is when money borrowed from a trading platform is
used to add more value to investments to leveraging from
Masternode
When you have a high stake in a cryptocurrency giving
privileges of holding a full copy of a blockchain. like a server
Market Capitalization
Market cap is how much of a market an asset has. Used to
calculate value. Multiply total number of coins x recent price
Peer To Peer
When resources or files are shared between two computers
directly on a network without a 3rd party server in between.
Pump & Dump
Is when an asset is illegally manipulated inflating the price in
order to sell to others and dump.
Road Map
When organizations sets out goals. targets in chronological
order for everyone to view. It’s long term plans etc
ROI
Return on investment, when we calculate the percentage of
return from an investment, comparing to the price payed
Shorting
When a 3rd party is involved in a transaction, trade to hold
valuables whether money or goods to reduce any risks
Soft Cap
When raising money through an ICO soft caps set to make
sure a minimum amount is raised otherwise it’s stopped
Utility Token
Utility token is a digital investment, where an investor has
special access to a product or service invested in
Token
A digital way to represent value, services or a product. We
have 3 types, security, equity, utility tokens.
Volume
The amount or quantity of an asset purchased between a
period of time. We have buy and sell volumes.
Wallet
A digital wallet, simply a software connected to a blockchain
allowing users to send, receive and store currency
Whitepaper
A document explaining a companies goals, targets etc used
as marketing to convince investors of it’s business model
Whitelist
Opposite of blacklisting, users are given privileges, rewards
A list of participants who maybe joined early or trust worthy.
Zero Confirmation
When a transaction has not been recorded on a blockchain,
for e.g, a seller delivering what was sold without payment
Lightning Network
Using Bitcoins technology lightning network aims to provide
almost instant transaction time as well as low fees
ICO - Initial Coin Offering
An ICO is when a coin allows the public to invest offering
only a limited amount of coin for a limited time.
Open Source
Open source, when a particular technology is available for
everyone to share, adjust and contribute. Hence the name
What Is Ethereum, How Will It Help?
How Does Ethereum Work
Smart contract uses block chain technology with
contracts to improve the effeciency of doing
business. Allows credible transactions
to be carried out with the neding a 3rd party. Which
will effect how many businesses operate from
accountants solicisters, lawyers, merchants
any one dealing with invoices, contracts etc
You can use smart contracts for different situations
ranging from financial derivatives to insurance
premiums, credit enforcement, breach contracts,
property law, llegal processes, crowdfunding,
financial services, plus much more.
Remember blockchain is distributed amongst many
individuals where as if it’s controlled or distributed
over a small group usually and organisation it’s
regarded as a database. Read through the topics,
simplified for you to figure out how it all works. Not
much to it and simply a matter of familiarizing with.
Ethereum is similar to blockchain however works
differently. Ethereum a distributed blockchain
network. Bitcoin Uses an element of
blockchain to carry out peer to peer electronic
currency transactions which can be tracked,
recorded etc Ethereum on the other hands
focusing on being an open source software
platform based on blockchain. Ethereum a
blockchain based decentralized platform
where decentralized applications DApps can be
built. Allowing developers to build anything they
want which will change the way we see Apps in
future.
A smart contract simply works when to people wish
to carry out a transaction. Specific requirements
are set in place by the people interacting. It
executes the task once specific conditions are met.
The contracts cannot be altered once set, going
onto a record which can be accessed from
anywhere at any time. Perfect for security.
For example, lets say Cryptonix offers a course
online where payment is required in exchange,
using smart contracts to carry out the process.
Payment is made in cryptocurrency. The contract
agreement is for me to deliver the course in order
to receive payment. Payment is held in an escrow
or virtual vault using the virtual smart contract till it
confirms the course has been delivered after which
the funds are released. Similar to how Paypal and
other financial bodies hold funds temporarily to
protect both parties however this is automated.
A very straight forward process. Contracts can be
customized completely for example a holding
goods, funds till a set date even if requirements are
met early. In the event of the contract not being
fulfilled, maybe a missed date etc the transactions
are automatically reversed, refunded etc The funds
once funds are received.
Ethereum is Currently Proof of work with plants to
move over to proof of stake with the launch of
Casper in future. Making it a hybrid of PoW and
PoS. Benefiting from greater security and less
energy consumption. Miners within the Ethereum
network Earn Ether which is also used by
application developers on the Ethereum network
whether for payments, fees etc Ether works the
same way to compensate miners and create
incentive similar to bitcoins however due to
limitless amount of DApps which be can be
developed on it’s platform using
Ether makes it promising in terms of investments.
Visit my Cryptonix Facebook page for interesting
news on Ethereum and how JP Morgan has a coin
called Quarum which is a fork of Ethereum similar
to how Bitcoin Cash is a copy of Bitcoin. Remember
the codes for these platforms are open source
meaning anyone, you or i can simply duplicate to
create our own similar blockchain.
Current
Block
Halving
Block
Halving Dates
Cryptocurrency
Many cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin
experience an event call ‘ Halving’ Every few years.
Since cryptocurrencies have a fixed supply and
achieve this by halving the mining rewards at
regular intervals. This is amount miners are payed
each time a block is mined.
This reduces the distribution of coins essentially
affecting supply by reducing the amount of coins in
circulation and increasing demand for the
cryptocurrency overall as supply is shorter.
Bitcoin halving is when the the block reward miner
receive for mining a bitcoin is halved. Currently at
12.5 and will move to 6.5 soon. This miners earn
less. The science behind it is simple..Bitcoin has a
limited supply of 21 million which means that it is
not possible to provide mining rewards forr
unlimted time. Every 210,000 blocks in the
blockchain, at 10 mins per block it equals to every 4
years. With regards to bitcoin, the mining reward is
cut in half. This is coded into the distributed
software known as a node which is used by all
miners and so already built in and factored.
Visit the mining page to learn how mining wors ind
depth.
bitcoin is similar to a commodity like gold where as
time goes it becomes more difficult to mine,
essentially halving extends bitcoins system since
there is a limited supply similar to gold. Whilst
increasing it's price as the volume reduce over
time. Imagine if the block reward was at 50 Bitcoins
similar to many years ago, bitcoin would run out
sooner. This also goes hand in hand with mining
technology taking into account rate it which tech
develops since the equipment used now days also
has to match the difficulty to an extent.
Bitcoin
Mon, 11 May 2020 18:38 621596 630000
Litecoin
Sun, 02 Jul 2023 23:28 1805596 2500000
Bitcoin Cash
Thu, 06 Aug 2020 03:08 609161 630000
Bitcoin SV
Fri, 10 Apr 2020 02:38 626156 630000
Zcash
Wed, 18 Nov 2020 12:03 759452 1046400
Bitcoin Gold
Tue, 06 Jul 2021 10:18 561022 630000
Ravencoin
Sat, 08 Jan 2022 20:32 1141766 2100000
Bitcoin Diamond
Wed, 05 Aug 2020 12:58 609246 630000
Bytom
Fri, 01 Apr 2022 07:13 409218 840000
Monacoin
Thu, 31 Mar 2022 02:46 1385568 2102400
Verge
Thu, 25 Jun 2020 23:41 3901714 4200000
Vertcoin
Sun, 13 Feb 2022 21:36 1275945 1680000
Blockstamp
Sat, 15 Aug 2020 06:01 828477 1050000
Einsteinium
Mon, 11 Nov 2024 18:40 2803158 5256000
All About Halvings
Mining Cryptocurrencies Summarized
cryptocurrency mining is a process which involved
various types of transactions which need to be
verified before adding to digital ledgers. Every time
a transaction is made a miner is responsible for the
authenticity of the information before updating the
blockchain. Which involves competing with other
mines to solve a mathematical problems using
cryptography, a form of encryption similar to how
website are automatically verified in your search
bar above with digital certificates, this process
using cryptography as well. The first miner to solve
the code receives the reward.
Mining cryptocurrencies has grown allot in
popularity over the passed years favoring those
who adopted early as the mining difficulties were
much easier with less competition, more volume of
coins available and so on. When mining a certain
coin becomes more competitive difficulty to mine
increases to maintain flow which requires
upgrading equipment and further investment or
switching over to another profitable coin. In some
cases we are better of buying the coins we are
interested in directly through an exchange since it's
cheaper compared to mining.. Bitcoins is not
recommended as a good choice for beginning to
who wish to start mining, especially if on a smaller
scale, perhaps as hobbyist interested in learning
how it works. The same equipment can be used to
mine other profitable coins. The current up- front
investment, maintenance costs doesn't make it
profitable for anyone using consumer level
hardware. Over time Bitcoin mining become more
reserved for large scale operations .
Mining accomplishes these three things in a
nutshell
Providing bookkeeping services to a coins network.
Since mining is automated it's essentially 24/7
computer accounting and verifying
transactions. As a miner you get paid a small
reward for the accounting services by receiving
fractions of a coin every few days which over time
accumulate and due to price swings can prove to
be profitable. Same time paying miners gives
incentive to keep providing the support and keep
the system operating. Which is why if we see event
whether natural, or political effecting mining it in
turn has an effect on cryptocurrency prices. As a
miner you will want to keep your costs low from
electricity to hardware.
Visit the mining page to learn more
interesting information along with
examples to help you understand better
Dynamics Of Being An Investor
‘ Investing In Yourself ‘
Lets learn more about the dynamics involved in
investing and what it roughly requires in order to be a
successful investor. Each of us individuals are unique
with different personal traits which effect our behavior
when it comes to investing.
Same time learning the dynamics is a very broad
topic which i will try to simplify for you. Covered in
more detail as you read through my web site.
Money is great tool if used correctly. The ability for
money to create more money which isn't rocket
science and available for anyone with even the basic
resources to access.
Financial planning is important for everyone and a
must since this goes way beyond savings. It is truly
an investment in ourselves from our lifestyle to
behavior.
The need for saving has increased over the years as
more jobs are privatized some with less securities in
place find themselves having to save for un for seen
circumstances. With advancements in medicine and
overall health our lifespan has also increased
however the age for retirement remains the same
coupled with hight cost of living means
we have to save more in order to live a comfortable
life after retirement. With inflation worth considering
saving should be every individuals priority as the
value decreases while demand increases.
Hence why we as investors need to look and plan
ahead.
Saving money is no longer a good enough option,
almost looses value. Forcing people to move from
saving to investing.
What does investment mean? it's and activity which
committing our resources to with
the hopes over time benefits will be acquired through
profits or gains of some sort. Commitment of funds
and time as well.
As investors similar to how we spread our
investments we also don;t rely on one income in life.
Investment has almost become necessary.
An individuals investment behavior is influenced by
many things. Everyone has their own risk taking
ability, requirements, understanding of their
strengths, areas to work on and so on. This is where
personal investment comes into the equation.
‘ Knowledge is power ‘
VISIT THE DISCOVER PAGE TO FIND OUT
MORE VALUABLE INFORMATION ON THE
DYNAMICS OF INVESTING
What Is Blockchain & It’s Benefits
What Is Cryptocurrency
What Is Ethereum
Learn the keywords in the Dictionary.
Blockchain is a ledger, a growing list of records that
are linked together using a form of encryption called
cryptography. The information called blocks are linked
on a database the chain. Blocks store various
information from date, time, dollar amount, who is
participating. Each block stores a information
also known as a hash which is a unique code similar
to an i.d allowing to recognize a block.
Open Ledger - The transactions are publicly
accessible by all users
Distributed Ledger - Each user has a copy of the
ledger
Advantages:
Accurate, Cost reduction, Secure, private,
transparent. Does not require 3rd party intervention,
audit able as well as scalable.
More in detail under topics above,
Information & Crypto.
Disadvantages:
Cost of mining can be significant as well as
demanding on environment, transactions per second
needs improvement,
used for illicit trade an can also be hacked if
conditions are right.
Cryptocurrency or otherwise known as crypto
currency is simply a digital currency, asset providing a
medium of exchange using cryptography to ensure
transactions are carried out securely, efficiently,
additional units can created if required as well as
verifying.
Crypto currency is simply the cryptogrpahy of
blockchain added to a currency. All cryptocurrency
transactions are recorded on a blockchain. Bitcoin
was the first blockchain created in 2008. Since
bitcoins release, many other cryptocurrencies have
been developed each with their own unique use of the
blockchain. These coins are referred to as Alt Coins or
Alternative Coins. A term used often.
Cryptocurrency works on encryption so when a
transaction takes place and data is encrypted 2 keys
are produced which are linked together
mathematically, one key is required for encrypting and
the other to decrypt. When storing our cryptocurrency
we have a public key which is available to use to
send, receive etc and our private key which is the key
used to decrypt and access the account.
Cryptocurrencies are decentralized, Learn More about
cryptocurrency, different types under the Crypto topic
above. Some cryptocurrencies are built using the
same framework as previous currencies and called
forks. When using another cryptocurrency built with
open source simply copying the code to create their
own similar currency allowing people to create their
own easily.
Ethereum is a decentralized currency as well as a
decentralized open source, public platform meaning
anyone can access and use it. Aimed at developers
giving them a place to create decentralized
applications. Operating using smart contracts. Ether is
the cryptocurrency on the Ethereum platform given as
a reward to miners for mining nodes. You Can control
money and digital currencies, build application
anywhere in the world
Similar to how bitcoin is aiming to change the financial
way of lfie with digital currencies and decentralizing
currency Ethereum is working towards changing the
internet which is centralized. When we access
website, login using passwords the system verifies
the information provided on databases which are help
by companies at data centers, clouds etc which is
why some people mention how unsafe their data is if
any central organization is compromised. Ethereum
Wishes to distribute all the computational
requirements to all the users across the planet via it’s
nodes.
A key feature of Ethereum is using smart contract. In
a nutshell this is when a transaction automatically
executes after certain conditions have been met.
Similar to an escrow and how 3rd party organization
temporarily hold funds till they can verify both parties
have completed what was agreed only this is
automated. You can imagine for yourself, this will
eventually change how invoices are managed,
contracts etc changing many industries from
accounting, law, insurance, finance, health plus much
more
Videos Explaining Tax Laws
In U.K & Germany
Tax laws for cryptocurrency vary between between
different countires, some have been much more open
to accept blockchain whilst others followed suit.
It’s worth looking into your TAX and VAT laws in your
area also keeping in mind as the the market grows
policies will be likely be added, refined.
It’s straight forwards depending on income and type of
investment they can either be classed as speculative,
gambling or investing.
Each have other own TAX requirements which likely
falls under Capital Gains Tax otherwise known as
CGT. Allot of how you get taxed depends on your
overall incomes and investing behavior.
It also worth noting gold can be sued as an alternative
when deciding to sell convert profits inot local
currency. Instead of converting directly to your local
currency paying tax we can buy gold using crypto
through various avenues. Since gold is Tax free we
don’t have to pay. Bear in mind selling the gold for
crypto might not be as easy as converting crypto to
gold.
As mentioned the market is still growing and as it
matures we can expect more avenues to open up for
investors or traders to make purchases with crypto or
even directly invest back into other investments. I’m
sure things will improve
Links to bitcoin & cryptocurrency tax laws in United
Kingdom U.K, America, Switzerland, China, Brazil,
Israel, Argentina, Australia, Canada, France, Japan,
Italy, Ireland, Sweden, European Union, Finland,
Spain, Netherlands, Isle Of Man, Norway, Russia,
Malaysia Hong Kong, India, Cayman Islands,
Bahamas, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, South
Africa, Kenya, Serbia, Singapore, Germany
Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain + Many more.
TAX laws for cryptocurrency in U.K
Implemented in 2013
Tax on crypto assets for individuals, businesses etc
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tax-on-
cryptoassets
Tax on crypto assets for individuals only
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/tax-on-
cryptoassets/cryptoassets-for-
individuals
Check if you need to pay tax in Great britain, U.K
https://www.gov.uk/guidance/check-if-you-need-to-
pay-tax-when-you-sell-
cryptoassets
Tax laws for cryptocurrency in America
https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-
employed/virtual-currencies
Tax, Vat & Laws on crypto in:
Switzerland, China, Brazil, Israel, Argentina,
Australia Canada, France, Japan, Italy, Ireland,
Sweden, European Union, Finland, Spain,
Netherlands, Isle Of Man, Norway, Russia,
Malaysia, Hong Kong, India, Cayman Islands,
Bahamas, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, South
Africa, Kenya, Serbia, Singapore, Germany,
Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain + Many more.
https://www.loc.gov/law/help/cryptocurrency/world-
survey.php
Aug 18, 2008 - Domain Bitcoin.org is registered
Oct 31, 2008 - Satoshi Nakamoto releases paper
‘ Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronics payment system ‘
Feb 03, 2010 - 1st Public Transaction, 2 x Pizzas
purchased from Papa John’s fr 10,000 BTC
Aug 16, 2010 - The first Bitcoin Attack. Network was
hacked, $184 Billion dollar transaction caught eyes.
Jan 15, 2012 - US drama ‘ The Good Wife ‘ Titles
one of its episode “Bitcoin For Dummies”
Jun 20, 2012 - Coinbase broker, Exchange is founded
Mar 19, 2014 - Japan crypto exchange Mt Gox goes
bankrupt, offline forcing investors to loose money.
Aug 04, 2014 - Microsoft allow Bitcoin transactions
for their games platform
Oct 31, 2014 - Coinye crypto ends up being sued by
Kanye’s legal team
Sep 03, 2016 - Uber Argentina accepts bitcoin, Swiss
National Railway, PC software website, Steem follow.
Dec 18, 2016 - Major crypto currencies established,
Bitcoin, Dash, Ethereum, Litecoin, Ripple, Monero
Dec 31, 2016 - Total number of crypto ATMs increase
to 900 by end of the year
Jan 12, 2018 - 50 Cent uses Bitcoin he accepted for an
album sale to get out of bankruptcy
Jan 27, 2018 - Crypto Market value passes $824 Billion
Apr 03, 2018 - Biggest market fall in Crypto, Market
value goes down to $248 Billion
Jun 21, 2018- Paris Hiltons dad sells mansion in
exchange for crypto currency.
Jun 01 2018 - Samsung announce they will be making
mining chips.
EU Government join to enforce crypto
regulations. Key partnerships, Ripples 2018 app
launches with Santander to help with international
transfers of funds
Sep 09, 2018 - Dogecoin reaches new highs, 100%
gain.
Jan 01, 2020 - Crypto Potential is realised as over 60%
of financial experts beleive it is here for good. Partners
with Ethereum, Chainlink. Big developments
2021 -2022 Crypto currency in full swing
‘
Sep 18, 2019 - Major Partnerships with organization
and blockchain being implemented into already
existing infrastructure. ‘
Mar 07, 2017 - Bitcoin more valuable than gold ounce
Apr 20, 2017 - Japan law passes law accepting Bitcoin
as legal payment. Norwegian bank Skandiabanken adds
Bitcoin accounts for investments and payment system
May 12 2017 - Over 1000 cryptocurrencies are listed
on coin market cap
Jun 01 2017 - Crypto Market value passes $100 Billion
Nov 01 2017 - Crypto Market value passes $250 Billion
Dec 16 2017 - Women hires hitman, paying with Bitcoin
Dec 28, 2017 - Crypto Market value passes $500 Billion
Feb 23, 2015 - Ethereum & Other Cryptos launch
Jul 02, 2015 - EU based Bitcoin exchange Bitstamp
is hacked, but trading resumes shortly after
Nov 22, 2015- Virgin Galactic accepts Bitcoin for
space travel
Oct 29, 2013 - First public Bitcoin ATM goes live in
waves coffee shop, Vancouver Canada.
Nov 12, 2013 - A meme turned to crypto. Dogecoin is
launched.‘
Feb 03, 2011 - Competition. Rival litecoin, Swiftcoin
Namecoin are launched
Apr 16 2011 - Bitcoin headlines in Time Magazine.
Online cash bitcoin could challenge banks
Jan 12, 2009 - 1st BTC transaction. Nakamoto
sends programmer, crypto pioneer Hal Finney
10 Bitcoin
Bitcoin Cash
Bitcoin cash is a peer to peer electronic cash similar
to Bitcoin due to being a fork of Bitcoin. Find out
what a fork is by reading
through the topics above. Started out by the
developers and miners of Bitcoin during the early
days dout to concerns of bitcoins
scalability. Bitcoin can only process few transactions
per second comapred to current methods with can
carry out 1000s. Bitcoins Lightning Technolgoy is
suppsoed to address any concerns. Bitcoin cash has
faster transaction times and less fees.
Released - July 2017
Trading Name - BCH
Authors - Roger Ver + Member of the older Bitcoin
community
Steem
Steem is a crypto currency built around social media
and content. Steems objective is to offer hosting for
content, social media
platforms aswell as well as storing data. Steem is
decentralized and use the Proof Of Stafe PoS
protocol with fast transactions and
zero fees, Steem tokens are distributed amongst
content creators, we slso have the stable coin steem
dollars SBD. So it has it’s own ecosystem of tokens
for content creators and so on. Steem an infaltionary
currency with an inflation rate that decreases over
time. Steem blockchain is homt to many DApps,
Decentralized apps. The first on called Steemit, a
decentralized blogging platform.
Released - March 2016
Trading Name - STEEM
Authors - Ned Scott, Daniel Larimer,
Hashgraph
Hedera Hashgraph is a decentralized public
network allowing users to transact, interact and
essentially socialise in a secure way.
A distributed ledger technology to make places like
the internet safe, reliable and accessible. Using
aBFT Algorithm described above without miner to
validate and instead using directed acyclic graphs.
Released - July 2017
Trading Name - HBAR
Authors - Leemon Baird
0x
0x ( Zero x) is an Ethereum based token allowing
developer to build their own decentralized
exchanges. An ERC-20 token using smart contracts
to power and create decentralized exchanges DEX.
The founder refers to 0x as the ‘ Craigs list for
cryptocurrency. 0x upon it’s release, enabled any
app or website to accept crypto currency purchases
by adding a few simply adding a few lines of
code.
Released - Dec 2018
Trading Name - ZRX
Authors - Will Warren Co founder and CEO
Electroneum
Electroneum os a mobile and smart phone crypto
currency aimed at phone users. it allows mining and
a wallet all froma smart phone. Simply download
the app and start mining today. it using your Device
specifications paying rewards in electroneum.
Aimed at users who don’t understand mining well
giving anyone an opportunity to enter as well as
those live ing pverty. Smart phone users here are
responsible for operating the blockchain. One of the
fastest growing crypt currencies since it’s so easy to
use. try it for yourself.
Electroneum uses the Proof of Responsibility PoR
protocol making it super secure. Created in United
Kingdom.
Released - Sep 2017
Trading Name - ETN
Authors - Richard Ells
Chainlink
Launched by a fintech company called
smartcontract. Smarts contracts will change the way
many industries work espcially ones working with
any sort of legal agreement from Contracts, invoices,
bank payments, documents just to name a few out of
many.
Working using the Ethereum platfrom, aiming to the
mdidleperson or middleware for communications
between blockchain. A distrinuted oracel network, a
software that allows and looks after the connection
between a client and an oracel database server.
Chainlink has strong partnerships and a good one
to look out for
Released - June 2017
Trading Name - LINK
Authors - Sergey Nazarov as CEO, and Steve Ellis
as CTO
Digibyte
Digibyte is a decentralized blockcchain crypto
currency. Which aims to be responsible for IOT (
Internet Of Things ), Cyber security and currency all
at the same time. Based on the Bitcoin protocol
however with it’s own touch making it different and
unique from bitcoin. Digibyte processes quicker
transactions and also uses multiple algorithms
compared to other currencies which normally use
one. This offer more routes for miens preventing
centralization.
Released - Jan 2014
Trading Name - DGB
Authors - Jared Tate
Waves
Open Source blockchain platform for developing
quality DApps. Working similar to crowd funding
users can issue tokens for short periods of time.
Waves opened the first decentralized exchange
where users can trade with near instant time, zero
fees etc
Working on the Leased Proof of Stake LPoW, a
modification of the Proof of Stake PoW protocol.
Wave also has its own coin or token which can be
traded. Waves coins is required to use their platform.
Community token, miner token are other available.
Released - Apr 2016
Trading Name - WAVES
Authors - Alexander Ivanov
Basic Attention
Basic Attention Token is based on the Ethereum
platform which powers a marketing software called
Brave powered by blockchain, essentially an Ad
platfrom aimed at the global market. Founded by
Brendan Eich who created Java script, co founded
Mozilla & Firefox. A promising project which offers
rewards providing incentives for using the platform.
Brave is a web browser. This decentralizes Ad all the
way to revenue giving users a share aswell. BAT
token is a payment system for their platfrom.
Released - May 2017
Trading Name - BAT
Authors - Brendan Eich
Maker
Maker is a cryptocurrency a governence currency. A
utility token which increases in value the more Dai is
used. Dai is a stable coin tied to the U.S Dollar. An
Ethereum based blockchain under the Maker project.
Plans to create an exchange where margin trading
can be done using the ERC-20 protocol. Ontop of this
it will inlucde digital assets which are tied to real
goods suchs as gold, currency. Maker is a very
promising project, imagine a the Dai tied to $1 if their
was any drop or money lost owed Maker token would
step in. A very intersting project with ambitous goals.
Released - May 2014
Trading Name - MKR
Authors - Founder & CEO Rune Christensen
